“准五服以制罪”——“礼”与“法”的历史连接

“The Five Degrees of Mourning Clothing System”—The Historical Connection of “Rite” and “Law”

摘要: “五服制罪”是中国法律上的一个重要传统，两汉肇其端，晋律载其文。“五服制罪”是指依据丧服中展现亲属亲疏关系的斩衰、齐衰、大功、小功和缌麻来判断犯罪双方的亲属关系，从而判以与常人不同的处罚，这是古代“礼”与“法”互动的典范。“五服制罪”之所以形成于晋并绵延于清，一方面是因为“礼”与“法”二者能够相辅相成，具有内在的统一性；另一方面，汉魏以来儒学的兴盛、丧服学的繁荣和制律官员的儒家化对“五服制罪”著录于文起到了直接的推动作用。

Abstract: “The Five Degrees of Mourning Clothing System” is an important tradition in ancient China, which originated in the Han Dynasty and was determined in the Jin Dynasty. It is based on the mourning clothes to judge the relative relationship between the two parties of the crime, thereby punishing a different punishment from ordinary people, which is a model of the interaction between ancient “rites” and “law”. On the one hand, “rites” and “law” can complement each other and have inherent unity; on the other hand, the prosperity of Confucianism since the Han Dynasty, the prosperity of mourning studies and the Confucianization of officials have played a direct role in promoting.