预先语言控制文献回顾
A Review of Proactive Language Control
摘要: 在语码切换的过程中，双语者在提取目标语时，会受到非目标语的干扰，有时甚至会错误地提取非目标语，双语者会努力减少这种跨语言影响，这个过程叫做语言控制过程。迄今，已有大量的文献对语言控制进行了深入的探讨，但大多都围绕应对语言控制展开，少有涉及到预先语言控制的文献综述。预先语言控制是指双语者预知非目标语对目标语提取会产生干扰，于是预先采取的语言控制过程。本文阐述了预先语言控制过程出现的三个标志，即反向语言优势效应，语言顺序阻碍效应与语言混合切换代价。从三个标志中可以看出，预先语言控制主要出现在双语言语产出任务中，而在双语言语理解任务中几乎没有出现。此外，本文讨论了预先语言控制的内在机制，一些迹象表明预先控制过程需要依赖抑制进行，但目前仍没有确切的证据。
Abstract: During language switching task, when bilinguals select the word of target language, the non-target language is also activated, so there comes interference from the non-target language. To reduce this cross-language interference, language control is implemented. So far, there have been lots of reviews involving the language control. But the majority of them centered on reactive language control and few of them gave attention to proactive language control. Proactive language control is a process that is implemented as an anticipation of non-target inference disrupting the selection of words in target language. This review elaborates on three markers of proactive language control, namely reverse language dominance effect, language-mixing costs, blocked language order. Looking back to previous studies, we can draw a conclusion that proactive control mainly occurs during language production task. In addition, this article concerns the underlying mechanism of proactive language control. There is some evidence showing that proactive language control relies on inhibition, but it is unequivocal.
文章引用：刘芳. 预先语言控制文献回顾[J]. 现代语言学, 2020, 8(3): 424-430. https://doi.org/10.12677/ML.2020.83058

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