技术措施的保护范围——对《著作权法》48条第6款的解释

Protection Scope of Technical Measures—Interpretation of Article 48.6 of the Copyright Law

摘要: 权利人为了防止自己的作品未经授权被“接触”，会设置接触控制措施保障作品的安全运行。接触控制措施如果发现用户未经授权或超越授权使用作品时会阻止作品继续运行，或阻止用户的计算机与服务器交换数据。所以，技术措施是作品权利人为避免著作权侵权或保护作品不被“接触”的技术保护措施。当前我国技术措施保护范围受制于“作品”的范围，在立法论角度，若内存中的动态数据不能被认定为作品的一部分，则技术措施的保护范围仅限于静态的未运行的作品，难以对作品提供完整的保护。在解释论上，对权利人作品的不正当竞争行为若存在，权利人可主张规避技术措施的侵权者承担著作权法48条第6款的法律责任，无需举证侵权人对《著作权法》规定的专有权利存在侵犯。

Abstract: In order to prevent unauthorized “access” of his works, the author will set up access control measures to ensure the safe operation of the works. Access control measures will prevent the work from continuing to run or the user’s computer from exchanging data with the server if it is found that the user uses the work without authorization or beyond. Therefore, the technical measures are the technical protection measures to avoid copyright infringement or to protect the works from “access”. At present, the protection scope of technical measures in China is limited by the scope of “works”. From the perspective of legislation, if the “dynamic data” in RAM cannot be recognized as a part of the works, the protection scope of technical measures is limited to the static and non operational works, which is difficult to provide complete protection for the works. In the theory of interpretation, if the unfair competition of the author’s works exists, the author may claim that the infringer who evades the technical measures shall bear the legal responsibility of the article 48.6 of the copyright law, without the need to prove that the infringer infringes the exclusive rights stipulated in the copyright law.