邵阳森林火险等级预报技术分析

Technical Analysis of Forest Fire Risk Prediction in Shaoyang

摘要: 森林是地球之“肺”，具有保持水土，调节气候，防止水、旱、风、沙等灾害的作用。文章利用绥宁1963年~2017年森林火灾资料和全市2001~2017年的火灾资料，以绥宁作为森林火险研究的主要对象，结合气象因子对森林火险的影响，根据国家和省的标准，确定森林火灾等级，根据气象要素来确定森林火险天气指数，结果表明，1) 森林火灾具有明显的季节性，春季出现的频率最高，达60.1%，冬季次之，占21.8%，夏季最少，只有4.2%。2) 森林火灾可划分为4个等级，即一般、重大、比较重大、特别重大。3) 森林火险天气指数划分为6级。4) 森林火险等级可划分为5级，当森林火险等级达到4级或以上时，就要发布火险预警信息，做好防范工作。

Abstract: Forest is the “lung” of the earth, with water and soil conservation, climate regulation, water, drought, wind, sand and other disasters to prevent the role. Using was better in 1963-2017 data of forest fire and the city’s fire data from 2001 to 2017, was better as the main research object, of forest fire danger meteorological factor influence on forest fire danger, according to the central and provincial standard, determine the level of forest fire, based on the meteorological elements to determine forest fire weather index, the results showed that 1) the forest fire has obvious seasonal, the highest frequency of spring, at 60.1%, winter times, accounted for 21.8%, at least the summer, only 4.2%. 2) Forest fires can be divided into four grades, namely general, major, relatively major and especially major. 3) The forest fire weather index is classified into level 6. 4) The forest fire risk level can be divided into 5 levels. When the forest fire risk level reaches 4 or above, it is necessary to issue fire risk warning information and take precautions.