不同土层沙土温度对季节的响应特征

Response Characteristics of Sandy Soil Temperature in Different Soil Layers to Seasons

摘要: 土壤温度对作物生长发育、土壤水盐运移、生物的数量与活性、土壤碳平衡等均有较大的影响。为了探究毛乌素沙区土壤温度的变化规律，分别设置了砒砂岩与沙复配比为0:1、1:5、1:2、1:1和黄土与沙复配比为1:1的五个处理。结果表明，5 cm土层中，春夏秋冬四季地温的平均值依次为15.67℃、30.29℃、25.21℃和5.50℃，砒砂岩与沙1:2处理的变幅分别为85.63%、15.29%、71.10%和120.05%。10 cm土层中，春夏秋冬四季地温的平均值依次为14.46℃、29.04℃、24.31℃和5.75℃，砒砂岩与沙1:5处理的变幅分别为99.76%、16.47%、74.28%和133.04%。15 cm土层中，春夏秋冬四季地温的平均值依次为11.39℃、25.12℃、21.58℃和3.95℃，砒砂岩与沙1:1处理的变幅分别为137.30%、16.94%、83.45%和206.48%。可见，随着土层的增加，对温度缓冲效果较好，且温度较高的处理分别为砒砂岩与沙1:2处理(5 cm)、砒砂岩与沙1:5处理(10 cm)和黄土与沙1:1处理(15 cm)。

Abstract: Soil temperature has a great impact on crop growth and development, soil water and salt transport, the number and activity of organisms, and soil carbon balance. In order to explore the change law of soil temperature in the Mu Us sand area, five treatments with the ratios of soft rock and sand at 0:1, 1:5, 1:2, 1:1 and the ratio of loess to sand at 1:1 were respectively set up. The results showed that in the 5 cm soil layer, the average ground temperature in spring, summer, autumn and winter was 15.67˚C, 30.29˚C, 25.21˚C and 5.50˚C in turn, and the variation amplitude of the soft rock and sand 1:2 treatment was 85.63%, 15.29%, 71.10% and 120.05%, respectively. In the 10 cm soil layer, the average ground temperature in spring, summer, autumn and winter was 14.46˚C, 29.04˚C, 24.31˚C and 5.75˚C, respectively. The variation amplitude of the soft rock and sand 1:5 treatment was 99.76%, 16.47%, 74.28% and 133.04%, respectively. In the 15 cm soil layer, the average ground temperature in spring, summer, autumn and winter is 11.39˚C, 25.12˚C, 21.58˚C and 3.95˚C, respec-tively. The variation amplitude of 1:1 treatment of soft rock and sand was 137.30%, 16.94%, 83.45% and 206.48%, respectively. It can be seen that with the increase of the soil layer, the temperature buffering effect is better and the higher temperature treatments are soft rock and sand 1:2 treatment (5 cm), soft rock and sand 1:5 treatment (10 cm), and loess and sand 1:1 treatment (15 cm).