中国化学奥林匹克竞赛试题中的亲核加成反应研究

Study on the Nucleophilic Addition Reaction of Competition Examination Questions in Chinese Chemistry Olympiad

摘要: 中国化学奥林匹克竞赛(以下简称奥赛)是中国化学会为普通高中生举办的竞赛活动。奥赛促进了中国化学教育。本论文研究奥赛中亲核加成反应相关试题，重点搜集和分析2011~2018年初赛和决赛试题，在试题研究的基础上对高频考点进行了梳理，发现试题中亲核加成反应考点较为分散，试题主要有有机反应类型判断、中间体及产物的结构推断、有机反应机理书写、逆合成分析四类考查方式；针对每一种题型提出了一些解题技巧，分析了试题命题趋势，提出了竞赛备考建议，期望能帮助学生高效掌握该部分知识，提高竞赛成绩。

Abstract: The Chinese Chemistry Olympiad (hereinafter referred to as "Olympiad”) is a competition spon-sored by Chinese Chemical Society for senior high school students, which promoted Chinese chemistry education greatly. The author studied the examination questions related to the nucleophilic addition reaction in the Olympiad competition questions, and mainly collected and analyzed the preliminary and final competition examination questions from 2011 to 2018. Based on the research of the examination questions, authors sorted out the high-frequency test points and found that the test points of the nucleophilic addition reaction in the examination questions are scattered. The main types of test questions are judging the types of organic reactions, inferring the structure of organic products, writing the mechanism of organic reactions, and making retro-synthetic analysis. According to each type of examination questions, the author put forward some problem-solving skills, analyzed the proposition trend of the question, and put forward some suggestions on preparing for the competition examination questions, hoping to help students master this part of knowledge efficiently and improve the competition results.