海口市苦瓜“2+X”肥效试验初探

Preliminary Study on the Effect of 2+X Fertilizer on Momordica charantia in Haikou

摘要: 为明确海口市苦瓜最佳需肥量及施肥配方，2019年在海口市东山镇的砖红壤土上进行了苦瓜“2+X”田间肥效试验。结果表明：优化施肥区产量为1628.8 kg/667m²，比常规施肥区增产183.3公斤/667m²，增产达到12.7%，增产效果明显；各处理产量由高到低为优化施肥区 > 常规施肥区 > 130%优化氮区 > 70%优化氮区 > 无氮区；经Excel建立施氮量与产量的一元二次方程，计算得出最佳施氮量为15.91 kg/667m²，最佳经济产量为1532.28 kg/667m²。初步说明，在苦瓜夏季栽培上制定的优化施肥方案可行。

Abstract: In order to determine the best fertilization amount and fertilization formula of Momordica charantia in Haikou city, the “2+X” field experiment of fertilization effect was carried out on the laterite soil of Dongshan Town, Haikou City in 2019. The results showed that the yield increase effect was obvious and the yield increase rate up to 12.7%. The yield of the optimized fertilization area was 1628.8 kg/667m², which was 183.3 kg/667m² higher than that of the conventional fertilization area. The order of the yield from high to low was optimized fertilization area > conventional fertilization area > 130% optimized nitrogen area > 70% optimized nitrogen area > no nitrogen area. The quadratic equation of nitrogen application rate and yield was established by Excel. The optimal N application rate was 15.91 kg/667m², and the best economic yield was 1532.28 kg/667m². The results showed that the optimized fertilization scheme was feasible in summer cultivation of M. charantia.