西北辣椒产业的发展与趋势——基于兰州东平种子公司的调研数据

The Development of the Northwest of the Pepper Industry and Trends—Based on the Survey Data of Lanzhou City Dongping Seed Company

摘要: 近年来，随着农业产业结构调整，中国蔬菜种植面积不断扩大，现已达2000万hm²。其中，辣椒等蔬菜的生产作为农业结构调整的重要组成部分，越来越受到重视。辣椒产业在农业增效和农民增收中起着重要作用。同时，人们对绿色有机蔬菜的需求越来越多，进一步加大了需求与供给的矛盾。兰州东平种子公司经过多年的经营实践，对西北地区的辣椒产业深有感悟。基于此，本文通过实地调研、线上问卷调查、文献研究等方法分析了当前西北地区辣椒产业发展中存在的问题，如传统的销售模式无法满足现代农业的需求，有机蔬菜在现代人们的生活中需求增加。本文从有机蔬菜的育种、病虫害防治、销售模式创新等方面提出了解决方略和对策，如培育新型抗病优质高产品种，例如螺丝椒系列等品种、陇商升级转型为互联网电商的技术方法、如何打造西北地区有机蔬菜产业基地等问题，并对西北辣椒产业的发展趋势做了展望，研究成果将对西北地区的辣椒产业发展具有重要的现实意义，将助推脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴。

Abstract: In recent years, with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, the area of vegetable planting in China has been continuously increased, and now it has reached 20 million hm². Among them, pepper and other vegetables production as an important part of agricultural structure adjustment got more and more attention. Capsicum industry plays an important role in increasing agricultural efficiency and farmers’ income. At the same time, people’s demand for green organic vegetables is increasing, which further increases the contradiction between demand and supply. After years of operating practice, Lanzhou Dongping County Seed Company has a deep understanding of the pepper industry in northwest China. Based on this, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the development of pepper industry in northwest China by means of field investigation, online questionnaire survey and literature research, such as the traditional sales model cannot meet the needs of modern agriculture, the demand for organic vegetables is increasing in modern people’s life. In this paper, the strategies and countermeasures are put forward from the aspects of organic vegetable breeding, pest control, and innovation of marketing mode, such as cultivating new disease-resistant high-quality and high-yield varieties, for example, the screw pepper series and other varieties, the technical methods of upgrading Longshang into an internet-based ecommerce, how to build an organic vegetable industrial base in northwest China, etc., the research results will be of great practical significance to the development of pepper industry in northwest China, and will contribute to poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.