肺结核与ABO血型的相关性研究

Study on the Relationship between Pulmonary Tuberculosis and ABO Blood Group

摘要: 目的：探究肺结核与ABO血型的相关性。方法：选取2019年1月至2019年6月于延安市第二人民医院住院治疗的186例肺结核患者作为病例组，按照性别、年龄相差≤ 5岁的原则选取同期于我院行体检排除肺结核的186例体检人群作为对照。比较两组ABO血型分布，并采用Logistic回归分析肺结核与ABO血型分布的关系。结果：两组性别、年龄分布差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。病例组吸烟(c2 = 5.834, P = 0.016)、糖尿病(c2 = 6.350, P = 0.012)、慢性肺部疾病(慢性支气管炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管扩张等)患者(c2 = 4.034, P = 0.045)明显多于对照组，差异有统计学意义。病例组有结核病患者接触史者比例较高(c2 = 14.501, P <0.001)，两组BMI分布差异显著(c2 = 18.220, P < 0.001)。病例组血型分布：B型(34.95%) > AB 型(24.19%) > A型(22.04%) > O型(18.82%)，对照组血型分布：O型(37.09%) > B型(25.81%) > A型(23.66%) > AB型(13.44%)，两组间差别有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示：吸烟(OR = 2.494)、糖尿病(OR = 2.410)、结核病患者接触史(OR = 7.931)为肺结核的独立危险因素。同BMI < 18.5 kg▪m−2组相比，BMI > 24.0 kg▪m−2 (OR = 0.232)为肺结核的保护因素。以O型血为哑变量，B型血(OR = 2.041)、AB型血(OR = 1.458)均为肺结核发病的独立危险因素。与非O型血相比，O型血(OR = 0.414)可显著降低肺结核风险。结论：肺结核与ABO血型相关，B型血、AB型血为肺结核的危险因素，该类人群应更加重视肺结核的预防及风险评估，O型血为肺结核的保护因素。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and ABO blood group. Methods: 186 patients with PTB who were hospitalized in the second people’s hospital of Yan’an from January 2019 to June 2019 were selected as the case group, and 186 people who were excluded from PTB by physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group according to the principle of gender and age difference ≤ 5 years. The distribution of ABO blood group in the two groups was compared, and the relationship between PTB and the distribution of ABO blood group was analyzed by logistic regression. Results: There was no significant difference in gender and age distribution between the two groups (P > 0.05). Smoking (c2 = 5.834, P = 0.016), diabetes (c2 = 6.350, P = 0.012), chronic lung diseases (chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, etc.) in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (c2 = 4.034, P = 0.045). The difference was statistically significant. The proportion of patients with contact history of tuberculosis in the case group was higher (c2 = 14.501, P < 0.001), and the BMI distribution of the two groups was significantly different (c2 = 18.220, P < 0.001). The blood group distribution of case group: B (34.95%) > AB (24.19%) > A (22.04%) > O (18.82%); the blood group distribution of control group: O (37.09%) > B (25.81%) > A (23.66%) > AB (13.44%). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking (OR = 2.494), diabetes (OR = 2.410) and tuberculosis patients’ contact history (OR = 7.931) were independent risk factors of tuberculosis. Compared with BMI < 18.5 kg▪m−2group, BMI > 24.0 kg▪m−2 (OR = 0.232) was the protective factor of tuberculosis. Taking O blood group as dumb variable, B blood group (OR = 2.041) and AB blood group (OR = 1.458) were independent risk factors of PTB. Com-pared with non-O blood group, O blood group (OR = 0.414) significantly reduced the risk of tu-berculosis. Conclusion: PTB is related to ABO blood group. B and AB blood group are the risk factors of PTB. More attention should be paid to the prevention and risk assessment of PTB in this population. O blood group is the protective factor of PTB.