我国幼儿参加校外培训的现状分析

The Analysis of the Present Situation of Young Children Participating in Private Supplementary Tutoring in China

摘要: 本文使用北京大学中国社会科学调查中心实施的《中国家庭追踪调查2016》数据，对我国幼儿参加校外培训的规模、科目、时长和费用进行分析，发现我国幼儿参加校外培训比例总体较低，年龄较大的幼儿、父母学历和收入较高的家庭以及东部地区，幼儿参加校外培训的比例较高；培训科目比较单一，主要为才艺培养，父母学历和家庭收入越高的家庭，孩子参加的培训科目种类越多；培训时间相对较短，每周培训时间基本在四小时以内；培训费用上，培训支出与家庭收入呈正向相关，家庭的培训支出负担率与经济收入呈反向变动关系。东部和西部地区培训费用较高，中部偏低，西部地区家庭培训支出负担率最高，中部负担率最低。政府应加大对优质教育资源的投入，均衡各地区教育发展。

Abstract: This paper uses data from the “China Family Panel Studies 2016” conducted by ISSS to analyze the scale, subjects, duration and cost of private supplementary tutoring in China. For older children, families with higher parental education and higher income, and eastern regions, the proportion of young children participating in private supplementary tutoring is higher; training subjects are relatively single, mainly for talent training; the higher the parents’ education and the family;s income, the more kinds of remedial subjects the children attended; the tutorial time is relatively short; the weekly tutorial time is basically less than four hours; for the tuition expenses, tuition expenses and family income are positively correlated, and the household education tuition burden rate is inversely related to economic income. The tuition fees in the eastern and western regions are higher, and the central region is lower, and the burden rate of family education is the highest in the west and the lowest in the middle. The government should increase investment in high-quality educa-tional resources to balance the development of education in various regions.