江苏省海水鱼类养殖地下水资源调查研究

Investigation and Study on the Resources of Marine Fish Farming with Underground Water in Jiangsu Province

摘要: 本文通过对江苏省沿海地区的地下水资源分布和质量状况的调查，评估省区的地下水资源分布、类型和水质水量以及可开发利用的潜力。调查研究表明：1) 江苏省东临黄海，海岸线长1040公里，海水可养殖面积139.00千公顷。地处长江、淮、沂、沭、泗等河流下游，湖库河塘沟密布，水域面积大，类型多，有着便利的海洋渔业和内陆渔业，水产资源丰富。内陆水面2600多万亩，目前养殖的经济鱼类30~40种,其中海水鱼类有鲈鱼等少于10个种类；2) 江苏省沿海养殖区域整体地下水资源匮乏；3) 有些养殖场地出现地表面下沉；4) 鱼类可养殖用地受限制；5) 江苏省南部地区如南通市等地区地下水质水温偏高，不适合海水鲆鲽鱼的养殖。建议在现有条件下采取如下措施：1) 建设集约型养殖体系，广泛开展工厂化循环水养殖模式；2) 对适宜养殖区进行合理规划，集中管理。3) 利用南部地下偏高的特点，可以开展鲹科鱼类等高温品种的养殖发展。

Abstract: Based on the investigations of distribution and quality of the underground water resources in the coastal of Shandong Province, we assess provincial underground water resources distribution. Based on the survey of the distribution and quality of groundwater resources in coastal areas of Jiangsu Province, this paper evaluates the distribution, type and water quality of ground underwater resources and the potential of exploitation and utilization in the provinces. The investigation and research shows that: 1) Jiangsu Province, east of the Yellow Sea, the coastline of 1040 kilometers, marine aquaculture area of 139.00 thousand hectares. The reservoir pond ditch is dense. Inland surface of more than 26 million Mu, the current culture of economic fish 30 - 40 species, of which sea fish have mackerel and other less than 10 species; 2) The overall underground water resources in the coastal aquaculture area of Jiangsu Province are scarce. 3) The ground of some breeding area was sinked. 4) The area of the farmed land is limited. 5) The underground water quality temperature in southern Jiangsu province, such as Nantong City, is high, and it is not suitable for the cultivation of sea otters. It is suggested that the following measures should be taken under the existing conditions: 1) The construction of intensive aquaculture system, extensive development of factory-based recycled water aquaculture model; 2) Reasonable planning and centralized management of suitable breeding areas; 3) Using the characteristics of the high underground water in the south, we can carry out the breeding and development of high-temperature species such as Carangidae fish.