云南省夏季极端高温变化特征

Characteristics of Extreme High Temperature Changes Are Studied in Summer in Yunnan Province

摘要: 为了进一步研究云南省夏季极端高温的变化特征，本文采用云南省国家一般气象站1970~2009年共计40年日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温数据资料，然后使用趋势分析、EOF分析、M-K检验等统计分析方法，分析了云南省夏季平均温度以及极端高温的变化特征。结果表明：(1) 云南省夏季极端高温空间分布不均匀，气温由南向北逐渐递减，由于受地形及纬度的影响，夏季平均极端高温的最大值位于元江站。(2) 从1970~2009年，云南的夏季平均气温和极端高温均表现出上升趋势。40年夏季的平均温度上升了1.2℃，并且突变发生在1990年代初期。极端高温上升了1℃，突变发生在1986年左右。(3) 在过去的40年中，云南的极端最高温度变化率在云南南部和云南北部最大。

Abstract: In order to further study the characteristics of extreme high temperature changes in summer in Yunnan Province, this paper uses 40 years of average daily temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature data from Yunnan National General Weather Station from 1970 to 2009, using linear regression analysis, EOF analysis, M-K test and other statistical methods to analyze the characteristics of the average temperature and extreme high temperature in summer in Yunnan Province. The result shows that: (1) The spatial distribution of extreme high temperature in summer in Yunnan Province is uneven, and the temperature gradually decreases from south to north. Due to the influence of terrain and latitude, the maximum value of the average extreme high value of the average extreme high temperature in summer is located at Yuanjiang Station. (2) From 1970 to 2009, Yunnan’s summer average temperature and extreme high temperature both showed an upward trend. The average temperature in the summer of 40 years increased by 1.2˚C, and the mutation occurred in the early 1990s. The extreme high temperature rose by 1˚C, and the mutation occurred around 1986. (3) The variability of the extreme maximum temperature in Yunnan Province in the past 40 years is the largest in southern and northern Yunnan.