2020年贵阳机场一次超级单体风暴天气诊断分析

Diagnostic Analysis of a Supercell Storm Weather at Guiyang Airport in 2020

摘要: 本文利用地面和高空资料，对贵阳机场2020年5月19日超级单体风暴发生的天气形势、动力和水汽条件进行诊断分析，得到以下结论：(1) 强天气发生前贵州区域有高低空急流耦合，中西部500 hPa有干冷空气入侵，低层有暖湿气流输送；(2) 超级单体风暴天气落区和地面辐合线的位置基本一致；(3) 0~6公里之间存在强的垂直风切变，0℃层和−20℃层高度适宜；(4) θse值大于340 K，气层对流性不稳定，垂直方向有强烈的上升运动；(5) 水汽自南向北、自地面向高空输送，机场上空中低层水汽充沛；(6) 雷达图像上有超级单体风暴特征，径向速度图像存在中气旋。

Abstract: This paper uses the ground and upper air data to diagnose and analyze the weather situation, power and water vapor conditions of the supercell storm on May 19, 2020 in Guiyang Airport. The following conclusions are obtained: (1) The high and low air jets are coupled before the occurrence of strong weather in Guizhou, and dry and cold air invading at 500 hPa in the central and western regions, with warm and humid air flows in the lower layers; (2) the locations of the supercell storm weather landing area and the ground convergence line are basically the same; (3) there is a strong vertical wind shear between 0 - 6 km ,the 0˚C layer and the −20˚C layer are suitable; (4) the θse value is greater than 340 K, the air layer is unstable in convection, and there is a strong upward movement in the vertical direction; (5) the water vapor is transported from south to north and from the ground to high altitude, and there is plenty of water vapor in the low-level sky above the airport; (6) the radar image has the characteristics of a supercell storm, and the radial velocity image has a mesocyclone.