蓄意攻击下城市地铁网络级联失效仿真

Cascading Failure Simulation of Metro Network under Deliberate Attacks

摘要: 由于人群密集、进出方便、通风条件有限且环境相对封闭等特征，城市地铁网络成为不法分子实施蓄意攻击，制造伤害事件的重要场所之一。本文基于负载-能力模型进行地铁网络级联失效仿真，模拟不同蓄意攻击策略下城市地铁网络抗毁性，通过设置4个并得出以下结论：1) 地铁网络在随机多节点攻击下的抗毁性低于单节点随机攻击；2) 对节点度最大的节点进行攻击，将会破坏网络的连通性，导致大量客流转移至其他交通方式，因此并不一定会产生级联失效；3) 对介数最大的节点进行攻击将会导致严重的级联失效；4) 增加节点容量能够有效抑制级联失效。

Abstract: Due to the characteristics of dense crowd, convenient access, limited ventilation conditions and relatively closed environment, metro network has become one of the important targets for criminals to carry out intentional attacks and create injuries. In this paper, the cascading failure simulation of metro network is carried out based on the load capacity model. We set up three scenarios, composed of random attacks and deliberate attacks. We get a series of conclusions from the results of simulation, which are: 1) The resistance of metro network to single-node attack is higher than that of multi-nodes attack; 2) The attack on the nodes with the highest degree doesn’t always cause cascading failure in metro network; 3) The attack on the node with the highest betweenness will cause serious cascading failure; 4) The increase of node capacity can effectively restrain cascading failure of the network.