大叶榕组培快繁技术研究初报

Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Ficus umbellata

摘要: 目的：利用组培培养研究大叶榕的快速繁殖，以满足市场对该植物的需求。以大叶榕茎尖或幼嫩的茎段为外植体，选择不同培养基和激素配比，初步建立大叶榕组培快繁体系，并进行对比试验；结果表明：(1) 用75%酒精消毒60 S、0.1% HgCl₂消毒35 min方法较适合大叶榕外植体的离体快繁；(2) 诱导出芽培养基：1/2 MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + TIBA 1.0 mg/L；(3) 继代培养基：MS + 6-BA 5.0 mg/L或1/2 MS + 6-BA 5.0 mg/L，增殖倍数为3.1~3.2倍；(4) 生根培养基：MS基本培养基，生根率可达100%，生根周期为7~15天。

Abstract: The aim of the research was to breed Ficus umbellata by using tissue culture and rapid propagation technologies and meet the demands of flower market to this plant. With shoot tip or young stem segments of Ficus umbellata as explants, different medium and hormone combinations were selected to set up the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of F. umbellata preliminarily and make a comparative test. The result showed that: (1) The more suitable sterilization method of in vitro rapid propagation of F. umbellata was treating with 75% alcohol for 60 s and 0.1% HgCl₂ for 35 min; (2) The medium for bud differentiation was 1/2 MS + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 1.0 mg/L TIBA; (3) The medium for successive transfer culture medium was MS + 5.0 mg/L 6-BA or 1/2 MS + 5.0 mg/L 6-BA, and under this culture medium the multiplication coefficient of 3.1 - 3.2 was achieved. (4) The optimum rooting medium was MS, and under this culture medium rooting rate of 100% was achieved and the rooting cycle for 7 - 15 days.