基于服务质量的公共自行车数量配置优化

Optimal Allocation of Public Bicycles Based on Service Quality

摘要: 针对公共自行车站点之间的车辆分配不平衡与服务质量低下的问题，本文提出了基于服务质量角度的自行车数量配置的优化方法。根据双反射壁的随机游动原理，构建了度量顾客在租车与还车过程中无法满足需求的概率计算方法。对于顾客的到达规律服从单周期与多周期的时齐泊松过程，分别给出了不同的计算方式。最后在对到达人数，租车与还车人数之比和站点容量大小等因素进行了灵敏度分析的基础上给出了自行车配置的一些建议。为优化城市公共自行车站点的数量配置提供了参考。

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of unbalanced vehicle allocation and low service quality among public bi-cycle stations, this paper proposes an optimization method of bicycle quantity allocation based on service quality. Based on the principle of random walk of double reflective wall, a probability cal-culation method is constructed to measure the customer’s failure in the process of renting and re-turning the car. Different calculation methods are given for the single period and multi-period simultaneous Poisson processes. Finally, based on the sensitivity analysis of the number of arrivals, the ratio of the number of people renting a car to returning the car, and the size of the station, some suggestions on the configuration of the bicycle are given. It provides a reference for optimizing the number and configuration of urban public bicycle stations.