格拉司琼治疗急性酒精中毒所致呕吐的临床疗效观察

Clinical Observation of Vomiting Patients with Acute Alcoholism Treated by Granisetron

摘要: 目的：观察格拉司琼治疗急性酒精中毒所致呕吐患者临床治疗效果。方法：纳入急性酒精中毒伴呕吐患者369例，随机为对照组和格拉司琼组，对照组185例，在常规治疗的基础上给予甲氧氯普胺(10 mg，肌注)；格拉司琼组184例，在常规治疗的基础上给予格拉司琼(3 mg，静滴)止吐。观察记录用药后恶心、呕吐完全缓解、部分缓解、总有效人数及不良反应情况。结果：格拉司琼组止吐总有效人数173例，有效率94.02%；对照组止吐总有效人数154例，有效率为83.24%，格拉司琼组有效率显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(χ² = 10.62, P < 0.01)。格拉司琼组不良反应17例，不良反应发生率为9.24%；对照不良反应41例，不良反应发生率为22.16%，格拉司琼组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组，差别有统计学意义(χ² = 11.63, P < 0.01)。结论：格拉司琼治疗急性酒精中毒伴呕吐疗效显著且安全性高。

Abstract: Objective: To observe the antiemetic effect of Granisetron in the treatment of vomiting patients with acute alcoholism. Methods: The number of 369 patients with nausea and vomiting after diagnosed with acute alcoholism was randomly divided into two groups: the control group and Granisetron group. At the basis of conventional treatment, 185 patients in control group were treated by Metoclopramide (10 mg, intramuscular injection) or 184 patients Granisetron group treated by Granisetron (3 mg, intravenous drip). The number of complete remissions, partial remission, total effective rate and adverse reactions was observed and recorded. Results: The effective rate of antiemetic in Granisetron group (94.02%) was significantly higher than that in control group (83.24%) (χ² = 10.62, P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in Granisetron group (9.24%) was significantly lower than that in control group (22.16%) (χ² = 11.63, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Granisetron is effective and safe in the treatment of acute alcoholism with vomiting.