泰特勒翻译“三原则”的发生学探析
A Genetic Analysis of the Principles of Translation of Alexander Fraser Tytler
摘要: 泰特勒(Alexander Fraser Tytler)是英国作家兼历史学家，同时他对翻译也有浓厚的兴趣。1791年他写作了《论翻译的原则》其中讨论了翻译“三原则”。泰特勒的文章迅速获得了不凡的名声。他的翻译原则至今仍是学者们讨论的热点。国内对泰特勒翻译原则的研究主要集中在三个方面：作为规范、作为比较和澄清误读。想要更好地使用泰特勒的三原则，那么先研究清楚这些原则的本质和含义必不可少。因此，更多的精力应该被用以研究泰特勒原则的产生，而并非使用。从广义上看，译者思想的演变也属于译者的实践活动。因此，学者安东尼•科丁利提出的“翻译生成研究”新领域为本文提供了研究线索。本文通过对于泰特勒“三原则”的发生学分析发现，泰特勒的翻译“三原则”的提出，与他的翻译实践、修养和社会历史语境有着深刻的联系。
Abstract: Alexander Fraser Tytler is a British writer and historian, who shows keen interest in translation. In 1791, he wrote Essay on the Principles of Translation and three principles of translation were discussed in it. Tytler’s Essay attained a rapid and extraordinary celebrity at his time. His principles of translation remain heated topics among scholars even nowadays. Domestic research on Tytler’s principles of translation mainly focuses on three aspects: as regulations, as comparison and as clarification. If scholars intend to use Tytler’s principles, they had better delve into the essence and the accurate meaning of these precepts firstly. In order to achieve this purpose, more efforts ought to be exerted on the generation rather than the use of Tytler’s principles. From a broad view, the evolution of thoughts of the translator also belongs to the practices of the translator. Therefore, genetic translation studies, a new field termed by Anthony Cordingley can offer this essay a clue. By analyzing Tytler’s principles from genetic view, this essay finds that Tytler’s practical experiences, personal qualities and social background of that time affect the generation of his principles fundamentally.
文章引用：宋纯逸, 高圣兵. 泰特勒翻译“三原则”的发生学探析[J]. 现代语言学, 2020, 8(5): 715-720. https://doi.org/10.12677/ML.2020.85097

参考文献

[1] 赵巍, 石春让. 比较译学的个案研究引发的思考——从严复的“信达雅”与泰特勒的三原则说起[J]. 外语学刊, 2005(5): 98-102+114.
[2] 邓雪玲. 泰特勒和严复翻译三原则之比较[J]. 安康学院学报, 2008, 20(6): 41-43.
[3] 郭建中. 泰特勒翻译三原则中译辨正[J]. 中国翻译, 2013, 34(3): 68-70.
[4] Cordingley, A. and Montini, C. (2015) Genetic Translation Studies: An Emerging Discipline. Linguistica Antwerpensia, No. 14, 1-18.
[5] Steiner, G. (1998) After Babel: Aspects of Language and Translation. 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[6] Tytler, A.F. (1907) Essay on the Principles of Translation. J M Dent & Sons Ltd., London.
[7] Bell, R.T. (2001) Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. Beijing Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, Beijing.
[8] 张汨. 生成翻译学: 理论与方法——Anthony Cordingley博士访谈录[J]. 外国语文研究, 2017(5): 44-49.
[9] Tytler, A.F. (1771) Introduction. In: Fletcher, P., Ed., Piscatory Eclogues, with Other Poetical Miscellanies, Kincaid & Creech, Edinburgh, Cadell, London.
[10] Alison, A. (1817) Memoir of the Life and Writings of the Honourable Alexander Fraser Tytler, Lord Woodhouselee. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, No. 8, 514-563. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Tytler, A.F. (1800) Remarks on the Genius and Writings of Allan Ramsay. In: Ramsay, A., Ed., The Poems of Allan Ramsay, Cadell & Davies, London.
[12] Robinson, D. (1997) Western Translation Theory from Herodotus to Nietzsche. St. Jerome Publishing, Manchester.
[13] Lefevere, A. (1992) Translation/History/Culture: A Sourcebook. Routledge, London.
[14] Snell-Hornby, M. (1995) Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach. John Benjamins, Amsterdamand Philadelphia.