军山湖流域暴雨洪水特性分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Rainstorm and Flood in Junshan Lake Basin

摘要: 由于受人类活动影响，军山湖从鄱阳湖湖汊演变成一个半独立的内湖湖泊，其暴雨洪水特性发生了较大变化。本文利用雨量、水位等多年实测水文资料，分析了军山湖流域暴雨洪水时程分布、季节变化、年际变化。结果表明：军山湖流域暴雨与洪水发生呈现不同的季节性特征，年最大3 h、24 h降雨量发生时间出现次数最多的是6月份，而年最高洪水位则是7月份。通过分析军山湖年最高水位与流域1 d最大降雨、外湖最高水位的遭遇情况，得出内湖洪水形成首先受外湖水位顶托影响，流域内中小河流洪水及自身湖面降雨等因素影响较小。

Abstract: Affected by the human activities, Junshan Lake has evolved from Poyang lake branch into a semi-indepen- dent inner lake, and its rainstorm and flood characteristics have changed greatly. In this study, the temporal distribution, seasonal and interannual variations of rainstorms and floods in the Junshan lake basins are analyzed using the measured rainfall and water level data. The results show that rainstorm and flood have different seasonal characteristics: the most frequent month of rainfall, such as 3 hours and 24 hours, occurred in June, while the annual maximum flood water level occurred in July. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the highest water level in Junshan lake, and the 1d maximum rainfall in the basin and the highest water level in the outer lake, the formation of the inner lake flood is mainly affected by the outer lake water level jacking, and it is less affected by other factors such as the medium and small river floods and its own lake basin rainfall.