乡村转型下的土地利用问题及对策研究

Research on Land Use Problems and Countermeasures under Rural Transformation

摘要: 乡村振兴战略的提出为未来中国乡村的发展指明了方向。城镇化进程中，如何扭转乡村的持续衰落、激发乡村的发展活力是快速工业化后期各国的重要任务。土地利用变化与乡村转型发展密切相关，农村土地制度变革更是推动乡村转型发展的核心动力之一，深入分析土地利用变化与乡村转型发展的互馈关系和交互作用机理有利于深化对乡村发展规律的认知，为科学制定乡村发展战略提供参考。当前对乡村转型就土地利用转型方面研究的理论体系、内在机理等缺少系统的建构，对乡村转型下的土地理论问题的诱因了解尚有欠缺。此外，在城镇化的进程中，大量的农村人口进城务工，农村空心化程度不断加深，造成土地闲置、废弃、低效、无序利用问题日益突出。为此，本文在乡村转型与土地利用转型之间相互关系的基础上，对乡村转型下土地利用存在的问题及原因进行认真剖析，最终提出一系列有针对性的、切实可行的对策和措施，为进一步促进农村社区建设、促进社会主义新农村建设、缩小城乡差距、促进我国城乡一体化发展提供参考和政策建议。

Abstract: The strategy of rural revitalization has pointed out the direction for the future development of China’s rural areas. In the process of urbanization, how to reverse the country’s continued decline, to stimulate the vitality of rural development is an important task of late rapidly industrializing countries. Rural development is closely related to the transformation of land use change, the rural land system reform is one of the core powers to promote the development of the rural transformation. An in-depth analysis of the mutual feed-back relationship and interaction mechanism between land use change and rural transformation and development is conducive to deepening the cognition of rural development law and providing reference for the scientific formulation of rural development strategy. At present, there is a lack of systematic construction of the theoretical system and internal mechanism of research on land use transformation in rural transformation, and there is still a lack of understanding of the inducement of land theoretical problems under rural transformation. In addition, in the process of urbanization, a large number of rural people work in cities, and the degree of rural hollowing out is deepening, resulting in the increasingly prominent problems of idle, abandoned, inefficient and disorderly use of land. For this reason, based on the relationship between rural transformation and land use transformation, this article analyzes the problems and causes of land use in rural transformation, and finally puts forward a series of targeted, practical and feasible countermeasures and measures, so as to provide reference and policy suggestions for further promoting the construction of rural communities, promoting the construction of new socialist countryside, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, and promoting the development of urban-rural integration in China.