四川盆地中、新生代热历史特征研究
Study on the Meso-Cenozoic Thermal History of the Sichuan Basin
DOI: 10.12677/AG.2020.1010097, PDF,   
作者: 邱 磊, 郑紫芸, 张佳珍, 左银辉*：成都理工大学油气藏地质与开发工程国家重点实验室，四川 成都；罗 洋：中国石油西南油气田分公司，四川 成都；蔡家兰, 陈思锜, 李瑰丽, 陈颖馨：中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司重庆气矿，重庆
关键词: 四川盆地；中、新生代；热历史；古温标；地温梯度演化；Sichuan Basin； Mesozoic and Cenozoic； Thermal History； Paleo-Temperature Scale； Geothermal Gradient Evolution
摘要: 沉积盆地热历史是烃源岩成熟生烃演化研究中重要的参数之一。为了明确四川盆地中、新生代热历史，通过有机质镜质体反射率古温标方法模拟了四川盆地6个构造区11口典型井的沉积埋藏史和热历史，揭示了四川盆地不同构造单元的中、新生代热史演化特征及其差异性。研究表明，四川盆地中、新生代经历了三叠纪~早白垩世的基底下沉、接受沉积阶段；晚白垩世快速抬升阶段；古近纪缓慢抬升阶段和新近纪至今的快速抬升阶段。四川盆地6个构造区的中~新生代热史具有一致性，主要经历了三叠纪~早白垩世的地温梯度快速下降阶段和晚白垩世至今的地温梯度缓慢下降阶段。早三叠世的地温梯度最高，为55℃/km~60℃/km；到三叠纪末期，地温梯度降低为40℃/km~46℃/km；早白垩世末期地温梯度已经降至21℃/km~29℃/km；现今仅为20℃/km~22℃/km。
Abstract: The thermal history of sedimentary basins is the important parameter in the study of source rock maturity and hydrocarbon generation evolution. To clarify the Meso-Cenozoic thermal history of Sichuan Basin, the sedimentary burial histories and thermal histories of 11 typical wells in six structural areas of Sichuan Basin were simulated by the paleo-temperature method, which is organic vitrinite reflectance. The results revealed the characteristics of Meso-Cenozoic thermal history evolutions and differences of six structural areas in Sichuan Basin. Studies have shown that the Sichuan Basin has experienced four tectonic stages: 1) Basement subsidence and deposition from the Triassic to Early Cretaceous; 2) A rapid uplift stage during the Late Cretaceous; 3) A slow uplift stage during the Paleogene; and 4) A rapid uplift stage from the Neogene to the present day. The Meso-Cenozoic thermal histories of the six tectonic regions in the Sichuan Basin are consistent, and they have experienced a rapid decline in geothermal gradient from the Triassic to the Early Cretaceous and a slow decline from the Late Cretaceous to the present day. The geothermal gradient in the Early Triassic was the highest, 55 - 60˚C/km. By the end of the Triassic, the geothermal gradient decreased to 40 - 46˚C/km. Then the geothermal gradient has dropped to 21 - 29˚C/km by the end of the Early Cretaceous, and it is only 20 - 22˚C/km at the present day.
文章引用：邱磊, 郑紫芸, 张佳珍, 罗洋, 蔡家兰, 陈思锜, 李瑰丽, 陈颖馨, 左银辉. 四川盆地中、新生代热历史特征研究[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2020, 10(10): 983-991. https://doi.org/10.12677/AG.2020.1010097

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