2015~2018年我国华中地区典型城市空气污染特征对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Air Pollution Characteristics of Typical Cities in Central China from 2015 to 2018

摘要: 通过对2015年~2018年期间华中地区郑州、武汉和长沙三座典型城市空气污染的对比，得出了PM_2.5、O₃和AQI的变化规律以及2015年1月份和2018年1月份相同时间段污染气团的轨迹方向。结果表明，PM_2.5和AQI的变化趋势基本一致，都是在逐年下降，都呈现出冬季高夏季低的特点；臭氧在4年观测期间年均浓度变化不大，且呈现夏季高冬季低的特点。华中地区三座典型城市的气团轨迹显示，郑州的气团轨迹2015年1月和2018年1月都非常相似，起源于俄罗斯的西伯利亚地区，然后经过京津冀地区到达郑州；武汉的后相轨迹图则没有什么规律；长沙的后相轨迹图显示污染气团路线基本一致，来自广东和广西地区。

Abstract: Based on the comparison of air pollution in Zhengzhou, Wuhan and Changsha, three typical cities in central China from 2015 to 2018, the variation rules of PM_2.5, O₃ and AQI and the trajectory di-rection of polluted air masses in January 2015 and January 2018 are obtained. The results show that the variation trends of PM_2.5 and AQI are basically the same, both decreasing year by year, showing the characteristics of high in winter and low in summer, which is closely related to the defense of blue sky in recent years, and the average annual concentration of ozone changes little during the 4-year observation period, and shows the characteristics of high in summer and low in winter. The air mass trajectories of three typical cities in central China show that the air mass tra-jectories of Zhengzhou in January 2015 and January 2018 are very similar, originating from Siberia in Russia, and then arriving in Zhengzhou through the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; the post- phase trajectory map of Wuhan has no regularity; the post-phase trajectory map of Changsha shows that the route of the polluted air mass is basically the same, all drifting from Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.