PLGA纳米微粒的制备及应用

The Preparation and Application of PLGA Nanoparticles

摘要: 聚乳酸–乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)作为药物传递系统的其中之一，已在疾病治疗以及生物组织工程中得以广泛应用。PLGA作为FDA和欧洲药品局批准使用的注射药物系统，其安全性和有效性得到广泛证实，并在科学研究领域掀起热潮。PLGA纳米粒包备药物较常规工艺制备药物在实现缓释、提高药效、减少用药量及不良反应等方面更具优势。通过纳米颗粒的制备方法及表面修饰可增加难溶性物质的溶解度，提高药物与机体的免疫相容性，使药物更具穿透力及靶向性。本文将对过往关于PLGA纳米粒的制备方法及PLGA疾病治疗方面的应用进行总结与归纳，以便后人的初步了解与深入研究。

Abstract: Polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) as one of the drug delivery systems has been widely used in disease treatment and biological tissue engineering. As an injectable drug system approved by the FDA and the European Medicines Agency, PLGA’s safety and effectiveness have been widely confirmed, and it has set off an upsurge in the field of scientific research. Compared with the drugs prepared by conventional processes, the use of PLGA nanoparticle to prepare drugs has more advantages in achieving sustained release, improving drug efficacy, reducing drug dosage and adverse reactions. The preparation methods and surface modification of nanoparticles can increase the solubility of insoluble substances, improve the histocompatibility of drugs, and make drugs more penetrating and targeted. This article will summarize the past preparation methods of PLGA nanoparticles and the application of PLGA disease treatment in order to facilitate the initial understanding and in-depth study of future researchers.