“路怒症”发生的生理心理机制
The Physiological and Psychological Mechanism of Road Rage
摘要: “路怒症”是汽车时代的一种普遍社会现象，对道路交通安全具有重要影响。通过对相关研究进行梳理，“路怒症”的生理机制为高生理唤醒水平和大脑皮层高级功能区抑制所致，根据不同理论审视心理机制，“路怒症”可能为状态–特质愤怒、挫折情境以及两者交互作用所影响。在此基础上综合生理指标设计辅助系统和心理治疗方法进行有效干预。未来研究仍需要创新科学研究方法，关注抑制该现象的综合干预。
Abstract: Road rage is a common social phenomenon in the automobile age and has an important impact on road traffic safety. Through sorting out related researches, the physiological mechanism of road rage is caused by high physiological arousal level and the inhibition of advanced functional areas of the cerebral cortex. Looking at the psychological mechanism according to different theories, road rage may be affected by the state-trait anger, frustration situation, and the interaction of the two. On this basis, comprehensive physiological indicators design auxiliary systems and psychological treatment methods for effective intervention. Future research still needs to innovate scientific research methods and focus on comprehensive interventions to suppress this phenomenon.
文章引用：袁佳雯, 江琦 (2020). “路怒症”发生的生理心理机制. 心理学进展, 10(11), 1618-1624. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2020.1011188

参考文献

[1] 冯忠祥, 雷叶维, 张卫华, 王锟(2016). 汽车驾驶愤怒研究进展. 中国安全科学学报, 26(1), 15-21.
[2] 吴超仲, 雷虎(2010). 汽车驾驶愤怒情绪研究现状与展望. 中国安全科学学报, 20(7), 3-8.
[3] 钟铭恩, 洪汉池, 袁志群(2011). 愤怒情绪对驾驶行为影响的实验. 重庆理工大学学报: 自然科学版, 37(10), 10-15.
[4] Abdu, R., Shinar, D., & Meiran, N. (2012). Situational (State) Anger and Driving. Transportation Research Part F Psychology & Behaviour, 15, 575-580.[CrossRef] 
[5] Albentosa, J., Stephens, A. N., & Sullman, M. J. M. (2018). Driver Anger in France: The Relationships between Sex, Gender Roles, Trait and State Driving Anger and Appraisals Made While Driving. Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 52, 127-137.[CrossRef] 
[6] Blankenship, K. L., Nesbit, S. M., & Murray, R. A. (2013). Driving Anger and Metacognition: The Role of Thought Confidence on Anger and Aggressive Driving Intentions. Aggressive Behavior, 39, 323-334.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Bogdan, S. R., Mairean, C., & Havarneanu, C. E. (2016). A Meta-Analysis of the Association between Anger and Aggressive Driving. Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology & Behaviour, 42, 350-364.[CrossRef] 
[8] Britt, T. W., & Garrity, M. J. (2006). Attributions and Personality as Predictors of the Road Rage Response. British Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 127-147.[CrossRef] 
[9] Bushman, B. J., & Anderson, C. A. (2002). Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1679-1686.[CrossRef] 
[10] Cattell, Raymond, B. S., Ivan, H., & Jackson, D. D. (1961). The Meaning and Measurement of Neuroticism and Anxiety. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 135, 370.[CrossRef] 
[11] Dahlen, E. R., Martin, R. C., Ragan, K., & Kuhlman, M. M. (2005). Driving Anger, Sensation Seeking, Impulsiveness, and Boredom Proneness in the Prediction of Unsafe Driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37, 341-348.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Davis, M., & Whalen, P. J. (2001). The Amygdala: Vigilance and Emotion. Molecular Psychiatry, 6, 13-34.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Oetting, E. R., & Swaim, R. C. (2002). The Driving Anger Expression Inventory: A Measure of How People Express Their Anger on the Road. Behaviour Research & Therapy, 40, 717-737.[CrossRef] 
[14] Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., & Lynch, R. S. (1994). Development of a Driving Anger Scale. Psychological Reports, 74, 83.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., Thwaites, G. A. et al. (1996). State-Trait Anger Theory and the Utility of the Trait Anger Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology,43, 131-148.[CrossRef] 
[16] Denson, T. F. (2015). Four Promising Psychological Interventions for Reducing Reactive Aggression. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 3, 136-141.[CrossRef] 
[17] Dollard, J., Doob, L. W., Miller, N. E., Mowrer, O. H., Sears, R. W., & Faris, E. (1939). Frustration and Aggression. American Journal of Sociology, 92, 1654-1667.[CrossRef] 
[18] Dula, C. S., Adams, C. L., Miesner, M. T., & Leonard, R. L. (2010). Ex-amining Relationships between Anxiety and Dangerous Driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42, 2050-2056.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Ellison-Potter, P., Bell, P., & Deffenbacher, J. (2010). The Effects of Trait Driving Anger, Anonymity, and Aggressive Stimuli on Aggressive Driving Behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31, 431-443.[CrossRef] 
[20] Feng, Z., Zhan, J., Ma, C., Lei, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, W. et al. (2018). Is Cognitive Intervention or Forgiveness Intervention More Effective for the Reduction of Driving Anger in Chinese Bus Drivers? Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology & Behaviour, 55, 101-113.[CrossRef] 
[21] Fitzpatrick, C. D., Samuel, S., & Knodler, M. A. (2017). The Use of a Driving Simulator to Determine How Time Pressures Impact Driver Aggressiveness. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 108, 131-138.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Fredrickson, B. L., & Joiner, T. (2002). Positive Emotions Trigger Upward Spirals toward Emotional Well-Being. Psychological Science, 13, 172-175.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Jeon, M., Walker, B. N., & Gable, T. M. (2015). The Effects of Social Interactions with In-Vehicle Agents on a Driver’s Anger Level, Driving Performance, Situation Awareness, and Perceived Workload. Applied Ergonomics, 50, 185-199.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Jeon, M., Walker, B. N., & Yim, J. B. (2014). Effects of Specific Emotions on Subjective Judgment, Driving Performance, and Perceived Workload. Transportation Research Part F Psychology & Behaviour, 24, 197-209.[CrossRef] 
[25] Kazemeini, T., Ghanbari-E-Hashem-Abadi, B., & Safarzadeh, A. (2013). Mindfulness Based Cognitive Group Therapy vs Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy as a Treatment for Driving Anger and Aggression in Iranian Taxi Drivers. Psychology, 4, 638-644.[CrossRef] 
[26] Li, S., Zhang, T., Zhang, W., Liu, N., & Lyu, G. (2020). Effects of Speech-Based Intervention with Positive Comments on Reduction of Driver’s Anger State and Perceived Workload, and Improvement of Driving Performance. Applied Ergonomics, 86, Article ID: 103098.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Liu, H. C., Lu, S. S., Feng, Z. X. et al. (2016). Driving Anger in China: A Case Study on Professional Drivers. Transportation research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 42, 255-266.
[28] Nesbit, S. M., Conger, J. C., & Conger, A. J. (2007). A Quantitative Review of the Relationship between Anger and Aggressive Driving. Aggression & Violent Behavior, 12, 156-176.[CrossRef] 
[29] NHTSA (2007). Traffic Safety Facts 2007: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System (pp. 32-43). Washington DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
[30] Precht, L., Keinath, A., & Krems, J. F. (2017). Effects of Driving Anger on Driver Behavior—Results from Naturalistic Driving Data. Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology & Behaviour, 45, 75-92.[CrossRef] 
[31] Rebolledo-Mendez, G., Reyes, A., Paszkowicz, S., Domingo, M. C., & Skrypchuk, L. (2014). Developing a Body Sensor Network to Detect Emotions during Driving. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 15, 1850-1854.[CrossRef] 
[32] Spielberger, C. D. (1988). STAXI-2: State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2: Professional Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
[33] Stephens, A. N., Koppel, S., Young, K. L., Chambers, R., & Hassed, C. (2018). Associations between Self-Reported Mindfulness, Driving Anger and Aggressive Driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 56, 149-155.[CrossRef] 
[34] Stephens, A. N., Trawley, S. L., Madigan, R., & Groeger, J. A. (2013). Drivers Display Anger-Congruent Attention to Potential Traffic Hazards. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 27, 178-189.[CrossRef] 
[35] Sterkenburg, J., & Jeon, M. (2020). Impacts of Anger on Driving Performance: A Comparison to Texting and Conversation While Driving. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, Article ID: 102999.[CrossRef] 
[36] Techer, F., Jallais, C., Fort, A., & Corson, Y. (2015). Effects of Driver Anger State on Driving Performance and Attention. Emotion, 15, 276-280.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Tsuchida, J., Tokoro, S., Fujinami, H., & Usami, M. (2007). The Advanced Sensor Fusion Algorithm for Pre-Crash Safety System. SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-0402.[CrossRef] 
[38] Wan, P., Wu, C., Lin, Y., & Ma, X. (2017). On-Road Experimental Study on Driving Anger Identification Model Based on Physiological Features by ROC Curve Analysis. IET Intelligent Transport Systems, 11, 290-298.[CrossRef]