新冠疫情中的中外“宣传”：翻译策略背后的意识形态与新闻价值

Xuanchuan as Publicity or Propaganda: Ideology and News Value behind Translation Strategies

摘要: 范迪克的批评话语分析理论是挖掘新闻话语背后意识形态的重要工具。在此框架下，本研究通过两个自建双语平行语料库，通过CUC_ParaConc定量抓取和人工定性综合分析法，考察新冠疫情期间国新办和《纽约时报》两家中外机构对“宣传”一词的不同翻译策略，对比中外两个语料库的高频译语及搭配语境，发现了中外机构传译策略背后的不同意识形态特征：中方机构译员的话语语义策略为积极的自我再现，而外方媒体译者的文本语义策略主要是消极的他者再现。在此基础上，研究挖掘了语义再现策略与新闻价值话语的“积极性”、“消极性”、“一致性”等原则之关联。本研究基于详实语料证据说明了“看似普通”的词汇翻译充满了意识形态的建构、维持和博弈，研究发现对促进翻译实践及教学和“中国故事”的国际传播具有意义。

Abstract: Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis theory is an important tool to explore the ideology behind news discourse. Under this framework, the current study adopted two self-built bilingual parallel corpora to investigate how the word “xuanchuan” is translated by the State Council Information Office (SCIO) of China and the New York Times (NYT) during the COVID-19 epidemic through a mixed method of CUC_ParaConc quantitative search and manual qualitative analysis. Comparing the high-frequency translations and their collocation contexts of the SCIO and NYT bilingual corpora, we found different ideological manipulation behind the translation strategies of Chinese and foreign institutions: The semantic strategies of Chinese institutional translators are attributable to positive Self representation, while that of the NYT translation is clearly negative Other representation. On this basis, the research has explored the relationship between the semantic strategy and the discourse elements of “positiveness”, “negativity” and “consonance” of news value. Based on detailed corpus evidence, this research shows that the translation of “seemingly ordinary” words is full of ideological construction, destruction and reproduction. The findings of the study are significant to a better understanding of translation practice, translator education and the international journey of “Chinese stories”.