2010~2019年桂林市腹泻儿童轮状病毒感染检测结果分析

Detection and Analysis of Rotavirus Infection among Diarrhea Children in Guilin from 2010 to 2019

摘要: 目的：统计分析桂林市2010~2019年腹泻儿童轮状病毒(Rotavirus, RV)感染特征。方法：收集我院2010~2019年收治在门诊、住院的5岁以下腹泻儿童大便样本，采用免疫胶体金方法对其进行RV抗原检测。结果：腹泻儿童A群轮状病毒(Rotavirus A, RV-A)总感染率为20.94%，年检出率分别为36.13%、35.35%、24.82%、22.41%、13.85%、10.15%、18.63%、22.91%、21.80%、16.95%；0~< 6M、6M~< 1Y、1Y~< 2Y、2Y~< 3Y、3~< 4Y、4~≤ 5Y患儿RV-A感染率分别为14.95%、28.09%、39.17%、29.26%、21.24%、13.94%，其中1~< 2Y组的检出率最高为(39.17%)，与其他组比较分析其差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；12、1、2月的检出率分别为30.01%、30.10%、26.13%，与其他月份比较，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：RV-A是桂林市5岁以下儿童腹泻的重要病原体，其感染与年龄、性别和季节有关。病原体感染高峰期发生在秋、冬季节，如11、12、1、2月，6M到3Y儿童为RV-A感染的高危人群，应做好预防工作。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus infection among diarrhea children in Guilin from 2010 to 2019. Methods: Stool samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients, with an age of less than 5 years old, suffering from acute diarrhea admitted in the 924 Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Rotavirus antigens were detected by immune colloidal gold reagent. Results: The total detection rate of RV-A was 20.94% in children. Annual RV infection rates from 2010 to 2019 were 36.13%, 35.35%, 24.82%, 22.41%, 13.85%, 10.15%, 10.15%, 18.63%, 22.91%, 21.80% and 16.95%; the infection rates of RV in children 0~< 6M, 6M~< 1Y, 1Y~< 2Y, 2Y~< 3Y, 3~< 4Y, 4~≤ 5Y, were 14.95%, 28.09%, 39.17%, 29.26%, 21.24% and 13.94%. The positive rate of 1~< 2Y years old group was the highest (39.17%), compared with other age groups (P < 0.05). In December, January and February, the positive rates were 30.01%, 30.10%, 26.13% respectively. Compared with the positive rate in other months, there was statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Rotavirus is the major pathogen of acute diarrhea among children younger than 5 years old in Guilin. It shows gender, age and season differences in infection rate. Children aged 0.5 to 3 years old are susceptible to be infected by RV in autumn and winter, such as in November, December, January and February. Then it is necessary to strengthen the prevention of RV infection.