大学生亲社会行为特征及其与共情水平的关系研究

The Relationship between College Students’ Pro-Social Behavior Characteristics and Level of Empathy

摘要: 目的：探讨大学生亲社会行为特征与共情水平的关系。方法：本研究以00后大学生为主要研究对象。在河北某高校选取283名大学生，采用亲社会倾向量表和人际反应指针量表进行调查研究。结果：1) 大学生亲社会行为倾向性程度整体较高。从亲社会行为倾向的各个维度来看，大学生在情绪性上的得分最高，在紧急性上得分最低。2) 大学生共情水平整体较高。从共情水平的各个维度来看，大学生在想象力维度的得分最高，个人痛苦方面得分最低。3) 亲社会行为倾向在性别方面，女生在情绪性上得分高于男生，并且达到了显著性差异(P < 0.05)。男生在公开性方面得分高于女生，并且达到了显著性差异(P < 0.05)。4) 大学生共情水平与亲社会行为有显著的正相关，共情可以显著预测亲社会行为。结论：大学生共情水平越高，亲社会水平也越高。大学生共情水平在一定程度上可以预测亲社会行为。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relationship between prosocial behavior characteristics and empathy level of college students. Methods: This research takes generation Z students as the main research object. A survey of 283 college students in a university in Hebei was conducted by using prosocial tendency scale and interpersonal response indicator scale. Results: 1) the degree of prosocial be-havior tendency of college students is higher as a whole. From the perspective of various dimen-sions of prosocial behavior tendency, college students score the highest on emotionality and the lowest on urgency. 2) the overall level of empathy of college students is higher. From the perspec-tive of empathy, college students scored highest in the dimension of imagination and lowest in the dimension of personal pain. 3) in the aspect of prosocial behavior tendency, the female students score higher than the male students in emotional sex, and reach the significant difference (P < 0.05). The male students scored higher than the female students in open sex, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.05). 4) there is a significant positive correlation between college students’ empathy level and their prosocial behavior, and empathy can predict their prosocial behavior. Conclusion: The higher the level of empathy, the higher the level of prosocial. The level of empathy of college students can predict prosocial behavior to some extent.