基于车–轨垂向模型及空间模型的轮轨动力对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Wheel-Rail Dynamics Based on Vehicle-Rail Vertical Model and Space Model

摘要: 当前，车辆–轨道耦合动力学的模型主要有垂向模型和空间模型，为了更进一步的比较这两种模型。本论文利用Matlab编程软件编写了车辆–轨道垂向动力学模型，UM软件建立了车辆–轨道空间动力学模型，都是依据车辆–轨道耦合动力学为理论基础而建立的。通过分析两种模型的动力响应以及仿真计算结果，依据结构可靠度设计标准对计算出的轮轨力最大值、最小值、标准值等数理统计特征值进行对比分析，比较两种模型的优缺点。计算结果表明：模拟车辆–轨道系统动态响应时，垂向模型和空间模型的仿真计算结果基本是一致的。但垂向模型计算考虑的因素比较少，计算量比较小，空间模型考虑的比较全面，仿真结果更加接近实际情况。

Abstract: At present, there are mainly vertical model and space model to study the dynamics of vehicle-track coupling, in order to further compare the two models. In this paper, the vertical dynamics model of vehicle-track is prepared by Matlab programming software, and the dynamics model of vehicle-track space is established by UM software, both of which are based on the theoretical basis of the study of vehicle-track coupling dynamics. The dynamic response and simulation results of the two models are analyzed. According to the design standard of structural reliability, the maximum, minimum and standard value of wheel and rail force are compared and analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two models are compared. The results show that the vertical model and the space model are consistent in simulating the dynamic response of the vehicle-track system. However, the calculation of vertical model takes less into account and the calculation amount is small. So the space model is considered comprehensively and the simulation results are closer to the actual situation.