唐山工业化进程对海岸带自然景观变化的影响
Influence of Industrialization Process on Natural Landscape Change of Coastal Zone in Tangshan
DOI: 10.12677/AG.2020.1012113, PDF,    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 杨文杰, 常国民, 任浩伟, 钟 冉, 刘 娜：华北理工大学矿业工程学院，河北 唐山；高莲凤：辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院，辽宁 阜新；张佳楠：河北省地质环境监测院，河北 石家庄
关键词: 唐山海岸带；工业化进程；自然景观；影响因素；Tangshan Coastal Zone； Industrialization Process； Natural Landscape； Influencing Factors
摘要: 城市化、工业化会造成区域自然景观的改变。伴随唐山海岸带区域工业化的进程，大规模围海造地不仅改变了局部沉积条件，更引起海岸带区域自然景观的显著变化。本文在详细野外踏勘的基础上，对海岸带区域关键点位自然景观的变化进行了持续的观察，结合1979~2019年40年间的海岸线遥测数据，对唐山海岸带景观的变化进行了对比。研究认为，唐山海岸带区域工业化进程是自然景观改变的最大推动力，大规模的围海造地，跨海公路(铁路)、人工岛、港口防波堤等大型海洋工程的建设，是导致原有自然景观改变的根本原因，而这种宏观上的变化，也促使局部水动力条件发生改变，造成冲淤条件失衡，曹妃甸港、京唐港、打网岗等地原本淤积型海岸侵蚀加剧，泥质沉积区沉积物粒度增大，出现粉砂、砂质堆积，泥质滩涂变成了沙质岸滩。这一变化为今后海洋旅游资源开发奠定了基础。
Abstract: Urbanization and industrialization will change the regional natural landscape. With the process of industrialization of Tangshan coastal zone, large-scale reclamation not only changed the local sedimentary conditions, but also caused significant changes in the natural landscape of the coastal zone. Based on the detailed field survey, this paper continuously observed the changes of natural landscape at key points in the coastal zone, and compared the landscape changes of Tangshan coastal zone with the remote sensing data of coastline from 1979 to 2019. The results show that the industrialization process of Tangshan coastal zone is the biggest driving force for the change of natural landscape. The large-scale reclamation of land, the construction of cross-sea highway (railway), artificial island, port breakwater and other large-scale marine engineering are the fundamental reasons for the change of the original natural landscape, and the macroscopic change also promotes the change of local hydrodynamic conditions, resulting in erosion and silting. As a result, the original silting coastal erosion in Caofeidian port, Jingtang Port, Dawanggang and other places intensified, and the sediment grain size in the muddy sediment area increased, resulting in silt and sand accumulation, and the muddy beach became sandy beach. This change has laid a foundation for the development of marine tourism resources in the future.
文章引用：杨文杰, 常国民, 任浩伟, 钟冉, 刘娜, 高莲凤, 张佳楠. 唐山工业化进程对海岸带自然景观变化的影响[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2020, 10(12): 1157-1164. https://doi.org/10.12677/AG.2020.1012113

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