自闭症儿童早期干预中家长作用的研究综述

Review on the Role of Parents in Early Intervention of Autistic Children

摘要: 自上世纪60年代以来，家庭在ASD儿童早期干预中的作用逐渐凸显，早期干预研究与实践的重心逐渐从职业治疗师转向自闭症儿童的原生家庭成员。一方面，作为个体成长过程中最重要的原生家庭成员，父母在ASD儿童早期干预过程中具有极高的参与水平，能够及时发现ASD相关症状并能早于职业治疗师对ASD儿童进行早期干预，有助于自闭症儿童的治疗；但在另一方面，父母参与ASD儿童的早期干预活动也存在着许多困难，包括经济压力、情绪压力、自信力决策力及身体健康受损、专业素养欠缺等等。在今后的研究中，如何扬长避短，体现父母在ASD儿童早期干预上的独特优势，是今后早期干预研究的一个重要方向。

Abstract: Since the 1960s, the role of family in the early intervention of ASD children has become increa-singly prominent. The focus of early intervention research and practice has gradually shifted from occupational therapists to the original family members of autistic children. On one hand, as the most important original family members in the process of individual growth, parents have a high level of participation in the early intervention process of ASD children, can timely detect the symptoms related to ASD, and can carry out early intervention on ASD children earlier than occupational therapists, which is conducive to the treatment of autistic children; on the other hand, parents’ participation in early intervention activities of ASD children also exists many difficulties, including economic pressure, emotional pressure, self-confidence, decision-making ability and physical health damage, lack of professional quality and so on. In the future research, how to make full use of the advantages and avoid the disadvantages and reflect the unique advantages of parents in early intervention of ASD children is an important direction of early intervention research in the future.