延安市宝塔区40岁以上居民脑卒中高危人群筛查结果

Screening Results of High-Risk Population Aged over 40 in Baota District, Yan’an City

摘要: 目的：了解延安市宝塔区脑卒中高危人群及影响因素，为其防治工作提供科学依据。方法：采用整群按规模大小比例的概率抽样方法，于2012年到2016年共抽取3个街道办事处、8个乡镇40岁以上居民53,389名。采用2012年卫生部脑卒中筛查方案中脑卒中筛查基本信息表和脑卒中高危人群风险初筛评估简表进行问卷调查，分析该地区居民脑卒中高危人群及高危因素分布状况。结果：脑卒中高危人群检出率为12.30%，其中女性的高危检出率(13.63%)高于男性(11.11%)，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.005)；70~80岁的老人卒中高危检出率最高(18.99%)，且随年龄上升检出率升高；2012年~2015年间脑卒中高危人群总体呈稳步下降趋势，2016年脑卒中高危人群出现明显上升。在总人群筛查中危险因素的暴露率从高到低的排序为：吸烟史、血脂异常及未知、缺乏运动、高血压、超重和肥胖、房颤、脑卒中家族史、糖尿病。男、女性危险因素中暴露率最高的分别是吸烟(39.20%)和血脂异常或未知(23.07%)。结论：延安市宝塔区脑卒中高危人群检出率较低，但呈逐年上升态势，应持续加强健康普查和健康知识普及工作，控制和改善危险因素水平，推动脑卒中防治工作的开展。

Abstract: Objective: Understanding of Yan’an Baota high-risk groups and influencing factors of cerebral apoplexy, providing the scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods: Using the cluster size proportion to the size of the probability sampling method, a total of three neighborhood offices, 8 villages and towns of residents over 40, 53,389, from 2012 to 2016. Analysis of residents in the region distribution of the people at high risk and high risk factors of cerebral apoplexy, using the stroke screening basic information table and early risk of stroke risk groups screening assessment profile from the ministry of health of cerebral apoplexy screening program in 2012. Results: Stroke risk groups detection rate was 12.30%, among them women at high risk of detection rate (13.63%) than men (11.11%), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.005). Among 70 - 80 stroke risk detection rate is the highest (18.99%), and the detection rate of along with the age increasing. In 2012-2015 high-risk groups overall stroke fell steadily throughout, high-risk groups appeared a significant increase in stroke in 2016. In the total population screening exposure rate of risk factors in the order from high to low was: smoking, Dyslipidemia and unknown, lack of exercise, blood pressure, overweight and obesity, family history of stroke, and diabetes. Men and women exposed the highest rate of risk factors were smoking (39.20%) and dyslipidemia or unknown (23.07%). Conclusion: Yan’an Baota stroke risk groups’ detection rate is low, but the rise year by year, should continue to strengthen health screening and health knowledge popularization, control and improve the risk factor level, promote the stroke prevention and control work.