线纹海马早期雌雄判别的研究

Study on Early Discrimination of Male and Female in Hippocampus erectus

摘要: 海马因观赏和药用价值而具有较高的经济价值，而雌雄判别是进行海马繁育生产的必要流程。本研究以线纹海马为研究对象，通过测量不同发育时期血液中激素水平以及卵黄蛋白原含量来判别海马的性别。研究表明，在海马9 cm时，用ELISA实验可以准确地鉴定出海马的雌雄。海马在体长为9 cm体重约为5 g时，体内的雌二醇E₂含量达到1.1 ng/L，而睾酮T的含量到25 ng/L，处于一个较为平稳的阶段，此时为测量分析性激素的含量、辨别雌雄的最佳时期；卵黄蛋白原含量测定的方法不适合鉴别体长9 cm以下的海马，不能用来作为海马早期雌雄鉴别的检测指标。本实验鉴别雌雄的方法便于更早地区分雌雄海马，有效提高配对率，对提高海马养殖场的经济效益具有一定的价值。

Abstract: In order to distinguish male and female in the early stage of Hippocampus erectus, the concentrations of Estradiol and Testosterone were measured by ELISA, and the content of vitellogenin was measured by degradation of phosphorus in vitellogenin. Studies have shown that females with high levels of Estradiol and Testosterone and males with low levels of Estradiol and Testosterone in Hippocampus erectus of the same age group are identified as females and males. Due to the special biological characteristics of hippocampus, it is an excellent species for behavioral research. The early identification of male and female seahorses by behavior observation and hormone measurement can not only protect the wild male seahorses as early as possible, but also promote their practical production. It is of great significance to the sustainable and healthy development of China’s aquaculture industry.