肺孢子菌肺炎在HIV与非HIV中的影像学特征

Imaging Features of Pneumocystis Pneumoniae in HIV and Non-HIV Patients

摘要: 目的：探讨卡氏肺孢子菌肺炎发生在艾滋病与非艾滋病患者中的影像学特点。方法：对确诊的26例患者，以入院首次肺部影像作为研究资料进行回顾性分析。结果：26例患者中，HIV患者呈现磨玻璃阴影、肺气肿影及月弓征居多，分别占比为21例(87.5%)，8例(88.9%)和5例(83.3%)，双轨征及铺路石征较少；非HIV患者，双轨征及铺路石征居多，分别为5例(71.4%)和3例(100%)。结论：PCP患者的胸部CT影像学表现复杂多样，多呈双肺弥漫对称性分布，磨玻璃影、肺囊肿和月弓征在HIV/ARDS患者占比较多，而双轨征及铺路石征在非HIV患者中占比较多。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the imaging characteristics of pneumocystis carina pneumonia in HIV and non-HIV patients. Methods: The 26 confirmed patients were retrospectively analyzed with the first lung imaging of admission as the research data. Results: Among 26 patients, HIV patients present ground glass shadow, lung sac and lunate sign, respectively accounting for 21 cases (87.5%), 8 cases (88.9%) and 5 cases (83.3%), the double-track sign and crazy paving signs are less. Among the non-HIV patients, the double-track sign and the crazy paving signs were in the majority 5 cases (71.4%) and 3 cases (100%), respectively. Conclusion: The chest CT imaging findings of PCP patients are complex and diverse, and most of them show symmetrical distribution of both lungs. The ground-glass opacity, lung sac and lunate sign are more common in HIV/ARDS patients, while the double-track sign and crazy paving signs are more common in non-HIV patients.