沉船事故中人员伤亡原因分析及逃生装置设计

Cause Analysis of Casualties in Shipwreck Accident and Design of Escape Device

摘要: 近年沉船事故频发，带来巨大的生命财产损失，探究减少沉船事故所造成的人员伤亡和经济损失的方法，是船舶安全领域研究的热点。基于此背景，需设计一款新型的智能逃生装置来降低沉船事故带来的影响。确定初步的设计方案需基于对沉船事故案例进行广泛调查、搜寻大量关于伤亡情况和原因的信息、进行分析讨论之上。经分析沉船导致人员伤亡事件，总结出乘客缺乏指挥、不具备自主逃生能力以及逃生过程艰难等方面原因。因此逃生装置可设计为具有自动逃生、维持人员生命体征的功能的类型，来解决沉船事故造成的安全隐患。

Abstract: In recent years, frequent shipwrecks have caused huge loss of life and property. It has become a hot research topic in the field of ship safety to explore ways to reduce the casualties and economic losses caused by shipwrecks. Based on this background, it is necessary to design a new intelligent escape device to reduce the impact of shipwreck. Preliminary design should be based on extensive investigation of the shipwreck case, searching for a large amount of information about the casualties and causes, analysis and discussion. Through the analysis of the causes of casualties caused by the sunken ship, it can be concluded that a large number of casualties were caused by the lack of command and guidance of the passengers, the lack of self-escape ability and the difficult escape process. Therefore, the escape device can be designed with the functions of automatic escape and maintaining the vital signs of personnel to solve the potential safety hazards caused by the shipwreck.