论政府信息公开申请权滥用的行政认定标准——以司法案例为视角

On the Administrative Identification Standard of the Abuse of the Application Right of Government Information Disclosure—From the Perspective of Judicial Cases

摘要: 我国政府信息公开申请权滥用案频发，2019年4月修订的《政府信息公开条例》为申请权滥用提供了诸如“数量”、“频次”等认定因素，但此规定中还存数量、频次合理范围如何考量等问题。同时，行政机关在申请权滥用案认定中亦存诸如考量要素不统一、说理论证不充分、考察内容不合理等问题。为更好地维护申请人的政府信息知情权，合理地限制行政自由裁量权，当务之急系厘清申请权滥用的行政认定标准。而申请人主观具有恶意、客观行为不当、行为损害结果不具正当性可成为此标准的构成要件。

Abstract: There are frequent cases of abuse of the right to apply for open government information in my country. The “Regulations on Disclosure of Government Information” revised in April 2019 provide identification factors such as “quantity” and “frequency” for the abuse of application rights, but is-sues such as how to consider the reasonable range of the number and frequency still exist in this regulation. At the same time, the administrative agency also has problems such as inconsistent con-sideration factors, insufficient theoretical evidence, and unreasonable content of the investigation in the determination of the abuse of the right to apply. In order to better protect the applicant's right to know the government information and reasonably restrict the administrative discretion, the most urgent task is to clarify the administrative identification standards for the abuse of the right to apply. The applicant's subjective maliciousness, objective improper behavior, and improper behavioral damage results can become the constituent elements of this standard.