分片负载的多轮均衡化验证方案

Multi-Round Balancing Verification Scheme for Sharding Load

摘要: 分片技术是区块链扩容的链上核心解决方案。针对区块链分片随机分配交易机制产生的区块链分片间负载不均衡问题，提出了一种基于节点验证能力评级的区块链分片负载的多轮均衡化验证方案。首先，根据选定的节点评级模型，对节点验证交易的能力进行评级；其次，将分片内的交易验证分为多轮，在每轮验证后，根据各分片未验证交易数对剩余负载进行判断；最后，根据各分片剩余负载，分配验证能力较高的节点到负载较大的分片进行下一轮验证。通过实验验证，本文提出的多轮均衡化验证方案，可以有效提高高负载分片的交易验证率，促进分片间负载的均衡化，优化分片的区块链链上扩容。

Abstract: Sharding technology is the core solution for blockchain expansion. Aiming at the problem of unbalanced load among blockchain shards caused by the random distribution of transaction mechanism of blockchain shards, a multi-round balanced verification scheme of blockchain shard load based on node verification ability rating is proposed. First, according to the selected node rating model, the ability of the node to verify transactions is rated; second, the transaction verification within the shard is divided into multiple rounds. After each round of verification, the remaining load is calculated according to the number of unverified transactions in each shard to make judgments; finally, according to the remaining load of each shard, assign nodes with higher verification capabilities to shards with higher load for the next round of verification. Through experimental verification, the multi-round balanced verification scheme proposed in this paper can effectively improve the transaction verification rate of high-load shards, promote the balance of load among shards, and optimize the expansion of the shards on the blockchain.