肺结核的免疫机制及影响因素研究进展

Research Progress on Immune Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

摘要: 肺结核是严重威胁人类健康的慢性传染性疾病，受多种生物、非生物因素影响，导致机体的“高危、易感”。结核分枝杆菌(MTB)感染机体后的免疫机制是目前仍在不断深入研究的重点，有望通过免疫学干预进一步为结核病的治疗及疫苗的研制提供有力指导，从而更好地预防、治疗结核病。睡眠问题是人群普遍面临的社会、心理问题，受到广泛关注，以中老年人多见，存在睡眠障碍的人群逐渐增加，且肺结核合并有睡眠障碍的人群较多，可通过多种途径，对未感染MTB、潜伏及发病的结核患者造成影响，本文针对结核病的免疫机制及睡眠障碍对肺结核的影响因素作出综述，以期通过睡眠干预对健康、高危人群降低感染风险，对潜伏、发病的结核患者提高生存质量、促进疾病的愈合。

Abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that seriously threatens human health. It is affected by a variety of biological and non-biological factors, resulting in the body’s “high risk and susceptibility”. The immune mechanism of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) after infection of the body is the focus of continuous in-depth research. It is expected that immunological intervention will further provide strong guidance for tuberculosis treatment and vaccine development, so as to better prevent and treat tuberculosis. Sleep problems are social and psychological problems commonly faced by the population. It has received widespread attention. It is more common among middle-aged and elderly people. The number of people with sleep disorders is gradually increasing. There are more people with tuberculosis and sleep disorders. There are many ways to deal with the future. MTB infection, latent and onset tuberculosis patients have an impact. This article reviews the immune mechanism of tuberculosis and the influencing factors of sleep disorders on tuberculosis, in order to reduce the risk of infection for healthy and high-risk populations through sleep intervention, and increase the quality of life and promote the healing of diseases for latent and onset tuberculosis patients.