抑郁症中的情绪目标研究述评
A Review of the Research on Emotional Goals in Depression
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2021.111012, PDF,   
作者: 闫维蓉：西南大学心理学部，重庆
关键词: 情绪调节；情绪目标；抑郁症；Emotion Regulation； Emotional Goals； Depression
摘要: 情绪调节缺陷是抑郁症的特征之一。在相关领域的研究中，研究者主要聚焦于情绪调节策略的研究。基于情绪调节的动机取向，有研究者认为，为了理解抑郁症中的情绪调节，关注情绪目标也是有必要的。情绪目标是指人们想要达到的感觉，它决定了人们是否、何时以及如何调节情绪。因此，抑郁症中的情绪调节缺陷可能受到了所追求的情绪目标的影响。已有研究表明，抑郁症个体与非抑郁症个体对某些情绪的渴望程度有所不同，而且这种差异影响了情绪调节和心理健康。本文主要回顾了这些实验证据，对抑郁症个体的情绪目标相关研究进行了梳理并展望了未来的研究方向。
Abstract: A defect in emotion regulation is one of the hallmarks of depression. In the research of related fields, researchers mainly focus on the study of emotion regulation strategies. Based on the motivational approach of emotion regulation, some researchers believe that it is necessary to focus on emotional goals in order to understand emotion regulation in depression. Emotional goals are feelings that people want to achieve and determine if, when, and how they regulate their emotions. Thus, deficiencies in emotion regulation in depression may be influenced by the emotional goals which are pursued. Studies have shown that depressed individuals and non-depressed individuals have different levels of desire for certain emotions, and this difference affects emotion regulation and mental health. This paper mainly reviews the experimental evidence, sorts out the relevant researches on emotional goals of depressed individuals, and looks forward to the future research direction.
文章引用：闫维蓉 (2021). 抑郁症中的情绪目标研究述评. 心理学进展, 11(1), 94-98. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2021.111012

参考文献

[1] Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-Regulation Strategies across Psychopathology: A Me-ta-Analytic Review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 217-237.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Berking, M., & Wupperman, P. (2012). Emotion Regulation and Mental Health: Recent Findings, Current Challenges, and Future Directions. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 128-134.[CrossRef] 
[3] Block, L., Moran, E., & Kring, A. M. (2009). On the Need for Conceptual and Definitional Clarity in Emotion Regulation Research on Psychopathology. In A. M. Kring, & D. M. Sloan (Eds.), Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology: A Transdiagnostic Approach to Etiology and Treatment (pp. 88-104). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
[4] Erbas, Y., Ceulemans, E., Pe, M. L., Koval, P., & Kuppens, P. (2014). Negative Emotion Differentiation: Its Personality and Well-Being Correlates and a Comparison of Different Assessment Methods. Cognition and Emotion, 28, 1196-1213.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Gross, J. J. (2002). Emotion Regulation: Affective, Cognitive, and Social Consequences. Psychophysiology, 39, 281-291.[CrossRef] 
[6] Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects. Psychological Inquiry, 26, 1-26.[CrossRef] 
[7] Gross, J. J., & Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology: An Affective Science Perspective. Clinical Psychological Science, 2, 387-401.[CrossRef] 
[8] Joormann, J., & Siemer, M. (2014). Emotion Regulation in Mood Disorders. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of Emotion Regulation (2nd ed., pp. 361-375). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
[9] Kalokerinos, E. K., Tamir, M., & Kuppens, P. (2017). Instrumental Motives in Negative Emotion Regulation in Daily Life: Frequency, Consistency, and Predictors. Emotion, 17, 648-657.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Kneeland, E. T., Dovidio, J. F., Joormann, J., & Clark, M. S. (2016). Emotion Malleability Beliefs, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology: Integrating Affective and Clinical Science. Clinical Psychology Review, 45, 81-88.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Kvam, S., Kleppe, C. L., Nordhus, I. H., & Hovland, A. (2016). Exercise as a Treatment for Depression: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 202, 67-86.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Mackie, D. M., & Smith, E. R. (2017). Group-Based Emotion in Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 20, 658-668.[CrossRef] 
[13] Millgram, Y., Huppert, J. D., & Tamir, M. (2020). Emotion Goals in Psychopathology: A New Perspective on Dysfunctional Emotion Regulation. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 29, 242-247.[CrossRef] 
[14] Millgram, Y., Joormann, J., Huppert, J. D., & Tamir, M. (2015). Sad as a Matter of Choice? Emotion-Regulation Goals in Depression. Psychological Science, 26, 1216-1228.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Millgram, Y., Joormann, J., Huppert, J. D., Lampert, A., & Tamir, M. (2018). Motivations to Experience Happiness or Sadness in Depression: Temporal Stability and Implications for Coping with Stress. Clinical Psychological Science, 7, 143-161.[CrossRef] 
[16] Millgram, Y., Sheppes, G., Kalokerinos, E., Kuppens, P., & Tamir, M. (2019). Do the Ends Dictate the Means in Emotion Regulation? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148, 80-96.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2012). Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology: The Role of Gender. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 8, 161-187.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Porat, R., Halperin, E., & Tamir, M. (2016). What We Want Is What We Get: Group-Based Emotional Preferences and Conflict Resolution. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 110, 167-190.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Staufenbiel, S. M., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Spijker, A. T., Elzinga, B. M., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2013). Hair Cortisol, Stress Exposure, and Mental Health in Humans: A Systematic Review. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 1220-1235.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Swerdlow, B. A., Pearlstein, J. G., & Johnson, S. L. (2018). Multivariate Associations of Ideal Affect with Clinical Symptoms. Emotion, 19, 617-628.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Tamir, M. (2015). Why Do People Regulate Their Emotions? A Taxonomy of Motives in Emotion Regulation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 20, 199-222.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Tamir, M., & Ford, B. Q. (2012). Should People Pursue Feelings That Feel Good or Feelings That Do Good? Emotional Preferences and Well-Being. Emotion, 12, 1061-1070.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Tamir, M., Bigman, Y. E., Rhodes, E., Salerno, J., & Schreier, J. (2015). An Expectancy-Value Model of Emotion Regulation: Implications for Motivation, Emotional Experience, and Decision Making. Emotion, 15, 90-103.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Thrash, T. M., & Elliot, A. J. (2001). Delimiting and Integrating Achievement Motive and Goal Constructs. In A. Efklides, J. Kuhl, & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Trends and Prospects in Motivation Research (pp. 3-21). Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers.[CrossRef] 
[25] Wood, J. V., Heimpel, S. A., Manwell, L. A., & Whittington, Tamir, M. (2011). The Maturing Field of Emotion Regulation. Emotion Review, 3, 3-7.[CrossRef] 
[26] Yoon, S., Lee, S. H., & Kim, H. S. (2016). Expected Emotional Usefulness and Emotional Preference in Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience, 14, 194-202.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Yoon, S., Verona, E., Schlauch, R., Schneider, S., & Rottenberg, J. (2020). Why Do Depressed People Prefer Sad Music? Emotion, 20, 613-624.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Arens, E. A., & Stangier, U. (2020). Sad as a Matter of Evidence: The Desire for Self-Verification Motivates the Pursuit of Sadness in Clinical Depression. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 238.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Ford, B. Q., & Tamir, M. (2014). Preferring Familiar Emotions: As You Want (and Like) It?. Cognition & Emotion, 28, 311-324.[CrossRef] [PubMed]