自我效能的波动理论：概念、假设和实验设计
A Hypothetical Theory of Fluctuation in Self-Efficacy: Concepts, Hypotheses and Experimental Design
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2021.111015, PDF,  被引量    科研立项经费支持
作者: 侠 牧：广西民族大学教育科学学院，广西 南宁；李雪榴*：南宁师范大学体育与健康学院，广西 南宁
关键词: 反馈；自我效能信念；自我效能觉知；波动；消退；Feedback； Belief of Self-Efficacy； Perceived Self-Efficacy； Fluctuation； Attenuation
摘要: 自我效能觉知(perceived self-efficacy, PSE)指的是个体对自身是否有能力执行特定任务的即刻判断，是自我效能中具有状态性特征的成分。其不稳定性具体表现为，当某次成败经验出现时，PSE的强度会随成败经验而发生变化，但这种变化并不持久，当成败经验结束一段时间后，若是没有新经验出现，则PSE的强度水平会逐渐退回成败经验出现前的状态，本文称这种现象叫做自我效能觉知的波动。为了验证这种波动现象是否真实存在，研究者需要验证以下假设：当且仅当PSE得到正或负反馈经验时，其反馈前后的强度水平是否会发生相应的显著变化，经历正反馈后的后测水平大于前测水平，经历负反馈后的后测水平小于前测水平；当反馈结束一段时间后，若是没有新的反馈经验出现，则PSE的强度值会逐渐恢复为经历反馈前的水平。为了验证以上假设，研究者应该在设计实验时满足以下条件：选择被试熟悉的任务；使用较少的题目测量效能感；选择合适的反馈任务；选择合适的消退测量周期。
Abstract: Perceived self-efficacy (PSE) is the state part of self-efficacy which means a current judgment about one’s ability to complete certain mission. PSE is unstable, which means it will change with feedback experience temporally and be attenuated when feedback is absent. This phenomenon is called the “Fluctuation in PSE” in the article. For confirming it, the researcher proposes the fol-lowing three hypotheses: PSE before the task that contained feedback would be significantly dif-ferent from that after it in the same feedback group; PSE before the task without feedback would not be significantly different from that after it in the control group; and PSE in the feedback group would gradually return to its original value when the experiment is completed. The researchers mention four key points of the experiment design to test these hypotheses: choose a familiar task, design fewer items for measuring BSE and PSE, choose appropriate feedback, and measure attenuation with appropriate sampling period.
文章引用：侠牧, 李雪榴 (2021). 自我效能的波动理论：概念、假设和实验设计. 心理学进展, 11(1), 126-140. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2021.111015

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