静息状态大脑活动预测任务状态下脑部激活
Brain Activity in Resting-State Predicts Brain Activity in Task Execution
摘要: 人们在感知、思维和问题解决方面存在着许多差异，认知神经科学的一个重要目标就是探究这些差异现象背后的成因，了解这些差异有助于我们深入理解大脑活动和行为之间的联系。任务态功能磁共振成像(task functional magnetic resonance imaging, tfMRI)是研究个体神经活动差异的主要方法之一。但是任务态研究依赖于外部的实验任务和刺激，不能很好地解释个体之间脑部激活差异的来源。而静息态功能磁共振成像(resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, rsfMRI)不依赖于外部的试验任务和刺激，可以在一定程度上更好地预测个体神经活动的差异。本文从功能分化和功能整合两个方面，论述了静息态功能磁共振成像预测个体任务状态下脑激活的有效性和可行性。结果认为，静息态因为其简便易行，不依赖外部刺激，不依靠个体反应等优势，能很好地预测个体在任务执行状态下的脑激活，并且能一定程度上解释个体的脑激活的来源。据此，静息态预测任务状态下脑部激活的研究方法可以广泛应用于研究个体脑激活差异的研究当中。
Abstract: An important goal of cognitive neuroscience is to explore the causes behind the differences in perception, thoughts, and problem-solving among people which can help us gain insights into the connections between brain activity and behaviors. Task functional magnetic resonance imaging (tfMRI) is one of the main methods to find those differences. However, task functional magnetic resonance studies rely on external experimental tasks or stimuli, which may not explain the source of the differences in brain activation between individuals well. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) can predict differences in neural activity better, and it does not rely on external experimental tasks or stimuli. In this paper, we discussed the effectiveness and feasibility of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in predicting brain activation in task execution, from two aspects: functional differentiation and functional integration. The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging is simple and easy to operate, does not rely on external stimuli, does not rely on individual response, can predict the brain activation of individuals in the state of task execution well, and can explain the source of the brain activation to a certain extent. Those advantages suggest that the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging prediction method can be widely used in the study of individual differences in brain activation.
文章引用：何飞澜 (2021). 静息状态大脑活动预测任务状态下脑部激活. 心理学进展, 11(1), 184-193. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2021.111021

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