儿童青少年皮层厚度的发展：基于核磁影像的研究
The Development of Cortical Thickness in Children and Adolescents: A Study Based on MRI
DOI: 10.12677/AP.2021.112036, PDF,   
作者: 周哲仪：西南大学，重庆
关键词: 儿童；青少年；皮层厚度；Children； Adolescent； Cortical Thickness
摘要: 个体随着年龄的增长大脑形态也不断地在发生变化，这种大脑上的变化反映了个体语言能力、认知水平及行为习得等多方面的发展变化。本研究采集了188名儿童及青少年的大脑核磁共振结构影像，以探究儿童及青少年大脑皮层厚度的发展规律。结果表明，年龄与大脑平均皮层厚度存在显著的负相关关系；各个脑区的皮层厚度随着年龄的增长呈不同趋势的萎缩。相比其他脑区，前额叶等高级大脑区域的皮层萎缩得更快，中央前回等低级大脑区域的皮层萎缩得更慢。本研究为更好的理解未成年人认知行为发生发展的过程及其底层神经机制提供了良好的理论依据。
Abstract: The morphology of brain is constantly changing in the growth process, which reflects the devel-opment and change of individual’s language ability, cognitive level and behavior acquisition. This study collected magnetic resonance imaging data of 188 children and adolescents to explore the development of cortical thickness in young person. The results show that there is a negative cor-relation between age and mean cortical thickness of the full brain. Compared to other brain areas, the cortex of prefrontal lobe shrinks faster, and the cortex of precentral gyrus shrinks more slowly. This study provides a good theoretical basis for a better understanding of the development of juvenile cognitive behavior and its underlying neural mechanism.
文章引用：周哲仪 (2021). 儿童青少年皮层厚度的发展：基于核磁影像的研究. 心理学进展, 11(2), 321-326. https://doi.org/10.12677/AP.2021.112036

参考文献

[1] 滕云(2021). 核磁共振血管成像技术诊断脑血管疾病的临床分析. 当代医学, (1), 164-165.
[2] Aggleton, J. P. (1993). The Contribution of the Amygdala to Normal and Abnormal Emotional States. Trends in Neurosciences, 16, 328-333.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Andrews-Hanna, J. R. (2012). The Brain’s Default Network and Its Adaptive Role in Internal Mentation. The Neuroscientist: A Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry, 18, 251-270.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995). Controlling the False Discovery Rate—A Practical and Powerful Approach to Multiple Testing. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 57, 289-300.[CrossRef] 
[5] Casey, B. J., Giedd, J. N., & Thomas, K. M. (2000). Structural and Functional Brain Development and Its Relation to Cognitive Development. Biological Psychology, 54, 241-257.[CrossRef] 
[6] Desikan, R. S., Segonne, F., Fischl, B., Quinn, B. T., Dickerson, B. C., Blacker, D., Buckner, R. L., Dale, A. M., Maguire, R. P., Hyman, B. T., Albert, M. S., & Killiany, R. J. (2006). An Automated Labeling System for Subdividing the Human Cerebral Cortex on MRI Scans into Gyral Based Regions of Interest. Neuroimage, 31, 968-980.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Evans, A. C. (2006). The NIH MRI Study of Normal Brain Development. NeuroImage, 30, 184-202.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Fischl, B., & Dale, A. M. (2000). Measuring the Thickness of the Human Cerebral Cortex from Magnetic Resonance Images. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97, 11050-11055.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Habeck, C., Gazes, Y., Razlighi, Q., & Stern, Y. (2020). Cortical Thickness and Its Associations with Age, Total Cognition and Education across the Adult Lifespan. PLoS ONE, 15, e0230298.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Lemaitre, H., Goldman, A. L., Sambataro, F., Ver-chinski, B. A., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Weinberger, D. R., & Mattay, V. S. (2012). Normal Age-Related Brain Morphometric Changes: Nonuniformity across Cortical Thickness, Surface Area and Gray Matter Volume? Neurobiology of Aging, 33, 617.e1-9.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Ojemann, G., & Mateer, C. (1979). Human Language Cortex: Localization of Memory, Syntax, and Sequential Motor-Phoneme Identification Systems. Science (New York, N.Y.), 205, 1401-1403.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Pacheco, J., Goh, J. O., Kraut, M. A., Ferrucci, L., & Resnick, S. M. (2015). Greater Cortical Thinning in Normal Older Adults Predicts Later Cognitive Impairment. Neurobiology of Aging, 36, 903-908.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Romero-Garcia, R., Atienza, M., Clemmensen, L. H., &Cantero, J. L. (2012). Effects of Network Resolution on Topological Properties of Human Neocortex. NeuroImage, 59, 3522-3532.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Salat, D. H., Buckner, R. L., Snyder, A. Z., Greve, D. N., Desikan, R. S., Busa, E., Morris, J. C., Dale, A. M., & Fischl, B. (2004). Thinning of the Cerebral Cortex in Aging. Cerebral Cortex, 14, 721-730.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Seidlitz, J., Váša, F., Shinn, M., Romero-Garcia, R., Whitaker, K. J., Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Kirkpatrick Reardon, P., Clasen, L., Liu, S., Messinger, A., Leopold, D. A., Fonagy, P., Dolan, R. J., Jones, P. B., Goodyer, I. M., Raznahan, A., & Bullmore, E. T. (2018). Morphometric Similarity Networks Detect Microscale Cortical Organization and Predict Inter-Individual Cognitive Variation. Neuron, 97, 231-247.e7.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Silk, T. J., & Wood, A. G. (2011). Lessons about Neurodevelopment from Anatomical Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics: JDBP, 32, 158-168.[CrossRef] 
[17] Yeo, B. T. T., Krienen, F. M., Sepulcre, J., Sabuncu, M. R., Lashkari, D., Hollinshead, M., Roffman, J. L., Smoller, J. W., Zöllei, L., Polimeni, J. R., Fischl, B., Liu, H., & Buckner, R. L. (2011). The Organization of the Human Cerebral Cortex Estimated by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity. Journal of Neurophysiology, 106, 1125-1165.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Ziegler, G., Dahnke, R., Jäncke, L., Yotter, R. A., May, A., & Gaser, C. (2012). Brain Structural Trajectories over the Adult Lifespan. Human Brain Mapping, 33, 2377-2389.[CrossRef] [PubMed]