权力感高低对预期错误效应的影响

The Effect of the Sense Power on Prediction Error Effect

摘要: 在社会互动过程中，个体的认知系统由先验知识和经验得出的预测将会按照客观现实迅速纠正，且产生错误的预测的记忆也会被抑制，即预期错误效应。同时，权力感作为社会互动的核心因素之一，时刻影响我们的认知过程。基于此，本研究通过对权力感水平进行操控使用实验法探究个体的记忆和预期错误效应的影响因素。实验结果发现在学习再认任务中，相较于高权力感被试，低权力感被试具有更好的记忆水平；但对于预期错误效应，无论高权力感被试还是低权力感被试，都没有出现预期错误效应。该结果表明权力感影响个体的记忆水平，但是对预期错误效应没有显著影响。

Abstract: In the process of social interaction, people tend to anticipate things that have not yet appeared but will soon appear according to their own knowledge and past experience. However, when the following content is inconsistent with the subjective expectation, the individual’s cognitive system will quickly correct the original wrong expectation according to the objective reality, that is the prediction error effect. At the same time, as one of the core factors of social interaction, the sense of power always affects our cognitive process. In this study, we manipulated the level of power and used an experimental method to explore the influencing factors of memory and the prediction error effect. We found that the low-power participants had better memory performance than the high-power participants in the learning recognition task; however, there was no prediction error effect in both high-power and low-power participants. The results showed that the sense of power affected the memory performance of individuals but had no effect on the prediction error effect.