《生产建设项目土壤流失量测算导则》在仁沐新高速公路中应用的合理性探讨

Discussion on the Reasonableness of the Application of “Guidelines for Measurement and Estimation of Soil Erosion in Production and Construction Projects” in Renmuxin Expressway

摘要: 本研究应用《生产建设项目土壤流失量测算导则》(以下简称《导则》)，对防治分区类型全面、能够获取准确数据的四川省仁沐新高速公路进行土壤流失量测算，着重探讨《导则》在实际工程中应用的有效性和合理性。结果表明：1) 各测算公式中的参数能够有效的反映计算单元的占地类型、坡度、坡长、土壤类型、质地、砾石含量、气象、汇水面积、植被、原地貌水土保持措施等因素，较类比法更能反映出项目的实际情况；2) 测算所得的扰动后侵蚀量与工程实际扰动强度较为相符，但由于参数B取值过小引起植被破坏型一般扰动地表土壤流失量公式测算出的原地貌土壤流失量过小；3) B和B0取值不合理导致地表翻扰型一般扰动地表新增土壤流失量测算公式测算结果过大。为提高《导则》测算的准确度，我们建议需要针对不同扰动方式和强度赋予不同的N值，并进一步校正B和B0取值。

Abstract: In this paper, with the application of “Guidelines for measurement and estimation of soil erosion in production and construction projects” (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines), the Renmuxin expressway in Sichuan province, which can obtain accurate data and comprehensive types, is selected to measure the amount of soil erosion. This paper focuses on the effectiveness and rationality of the application of the guidelines in practical engineering. The results show that: 1) The parameters in each calculation unit can reflect the occupation type, slope gradient, slope length, soil type, texture, gravel content, meteorology, catchment area, vegetation, original geomorphic soil and water conservation measures and other factors, which can reflect the actual situation of the project than the analogy method better; 2) The measured erosion amount after disturbance is in good agreement with the actual disturbance intensity of the project. However, due to the small value of parameter B, the amount of soil erosion in the original landform calculated by the formula of surface soil erosion due to the general disturbance of vegetation destruction is too small; 3) The unreasonable values of B and B0 lead to the excessive result of the formula for calculating the amount of newly added soil erosion under the general disturbance of surface disturbance. In order to improve the accuracy of the calculation of the guidelines, we suggest that different N values should be given according to different disturbance modes and intensity, and the values of B and B0 should be further corrected.