儿童抽动障碍共患病的研究现状

Research Status of Tic Disorder in Children

摘要: 目的：为帮助人们更好地认识抽动障碍及共患病，进一步研究其治疗方案，减轻其对患儿及社会的危害。方法：本文归纳了国内外学者目前对抽动障碍共患病的研究现状。结果：抽动障碍(tic disorder, TD)是起病于儿童或青少年时期的一种神经精神障碍性疾病，临床以不自主、反复、突发、快速、重复、无节律性的一个或多个部位运动抽动和(或)发声抽动为主要特征。结论：大约一半的抽动障碍患儿和80%以上的抽动障碍患者患有至少一种共病的精神病理学或行为障碍，大约60%的抽动障碍患者患有两种或两种以上的共病，例如注意力缺陷多动障碍(Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD)、强迫症(Obsessive-compulsive neurosis, OCD)、学习困难、焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍、自残行为、行为障碍、愤怒发作等，严重影响患儿的生理及心理健康。

Abstract: Objective: To help people better understand tic disoder and comorbidities, further study its treatment plan, and reduce its harm to children and society. Methods: This paper summarized the current research status of tic disoder comorbidities. Results: Tic disorder (TD) is a kind of neuropsychiatric disorder that starts in children or adolescents, and is mainly characterized by involuntary, repeated, sudden, rapid, repetitive and unrhythmic motor and/or vocal tic movements in one or more parts. Conclusion: About half of the children with tic disorders and more than 80% of the tic disorders in patients have at least one comorbid psychopathology or behavior disorder, about 60% of the tic disorders of patients suffer from two or more comorbidities, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), learning difficulties, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, self-destructive behavior disorders, anger attacks, etc. It seriously affects the physical and mental health of children.