城镇化背景下我国乡村学校的发展困境与突围之路

Crisis and Solution of Chinese Rural Schools under the Urbanization Background

摘要: 改革开放40年来，中国完成了由一个农业人口占主体的国家向城镇人口占主体的国家的转变，走过了发达国家上百年才走过的城镇化进程，速度之快，举世瞩目。城镇化对中国社会的影响十分广泛和深入，其中就包括对乡村学校的影响。乡村学校在城镇化中经历了师生流失、撤并调整、自信缺失等种种困境，改善乡村学校的办学环境，为乡村建设注入文化的源头活水，是社会各界应该深思和努力的。

Abstract: Since the reform and opening-up, China has gone through the transform from a rural population dominated country into an urban population dominated country in 40 years. The fast development catches global eyes, for it gained an achievement on which the developed countries cost more than one hundred years with only two decades. Urbanization has an extensive and profound influence on Chinese society including rural schools. Rural schools underwent the outflow of teachers and students, removal and merger, lack of cultural confidence, etc. The whole country should think deeply about how to and try hard to improve the growing environment of rural schools and to develop rural culture for rural construction.