“1 + X”证书制度背景下职业院校实训标准制定的影响因素探讨

The Influencing Factors of Professional Training Standards in Vocational Colleges under the Background of “1 + X” Certificate System

摘要: 在高等职业院校实施1 + X证书制度的大背景下，针对专业实训标准制定的影响因素，我们分别阐述了在标准制定过程中涉及到的设备、管理、师资、应用和考核五个方面，指出了在标准制定过程中应注意的问题并给出相应的建议。最后指出在专业实训标准制定过程中一方面要参考企业行业生产标准，结合专业人才培养方案和课程标准，统筹考虑设备、管理、师资、应用和考核五个因素，使实训的资源得以优化。另一方面，在实训标准设计时，也需在一定程度上考虑“X”证书考核的标准需求，使实训标准既能对学生基本的实训教学进行规范要求，也能对“X证书”的针对性考核进行适当的指导，从而最终提高学生实训的质量，落实实训目标。

Abstract: Under the background of the implementation of 1 + X certificate system in higher vocational colleges, aiming at the influencing factors of the formulation of professional training standards, we respectively elaborated the five aspects of equipment, management, teachers, application and assessment involved in the process of standard formulation, pointed out the problems that should be paid attention to in the process of standard formulation, and gave corresponding suggestions. Finally, it points out that in the process of formulating professional training standards, on the one hand, we should refer to the enterprise industry production standards, combine with professional talent training programs and curriculum standards, and comprehensively consider five factors, including equipment, management, teachers, application and assessment, so as to optimize the training resources. On the other hand, in the design of training standards, we also need to consider the standard requirements of “X” certificate assessment to a certain extent, so that the training standards can not only standardize the basic training teaching of students, but also provide appropriate guidance for the targeted assessment of “X certificate”, so as to ultimately improve the quality of students’ training and implement the training objectives.