法院受理撤销除权判决诉讼的法律适用与反思——兼评《民诉法解释》第297、461条

The Application of Law and Reflection on the Court Accepts the Action for Rescission of Invalidating Judgment—Comments on Article 297 and 461 in the “Judicial Interpretation of the Civil Procedure Law”

摘要: 在现有制度下，法院面对是否受理撤销除权判决之诉这一问题时，应当明确第三人撤销之诉与撤销除权判决之诉之间的区别，从而适用《民诉解释》第461条。但是基于除权判决自身被立法和司法所赋予的效力，其是否可以被撤销这一问题存在争议，所以现有制度的合理性有待确认。在现有制度之外、法教义学框架之内，将恶意申请除权判决导致利害关系人损失这一情况作为侵害事实，利害关系人由此提起的侵权之诉，法院应当受理。

Abstract: Under the existing system, when the court is faced with the issue of whether to accept the action for rescission invalidating judgment, the court should make clear the difference between the action of the third party opposition proceeding and Action for rescission invalidating judgment, so as to ex-clude the application of article 297 of the “Judicial Interpretation of the Civil Procedure Law”. How-ever, based on the effectiveness of invalidating judgment given by legislation and justice, whether it can be revoked is controversial, so the rationality of the existing system needs to be confirmed. In addition to the existing system and within the framework of legal doctrines, the case that the mali-cious application for invalidating leads to the loss of the interested party is regarded as the fact of infringement, and the court should accept the infringement lawsuit brought by the interested par-ty.