污水处理厂中聚磷微生物Tetrasphaera和Accumulibacter的相对丰度及影响因素

Relative Abundance of Tetrasphaera and Accumulibacter and Its Influencing Factors in Waste Water Treatment Plants

摘要: 在污水的除磷工艺中，强化生物除磷(EBPR)是最主要的方法之一。一直以来，Accumulibacter菌属(A菌)作为EBPR工艺最主要的聚磷菌(PAOs)已被广泛接受，也能较好地适应EBPR污水厂的现实情况。但同时，Tetrasphaera菌属作为一种新型聚磷菌，也在世界各地被逐渐发现，它在某些特定环境下的丰度甚至远高于A菌，值得进一步探究。本研究选取了上海地区3座不同处理模式的市政污水处理厂进行研究，采用高通量测序技术对它们活性污泥中的微生物群落特征进行了解析。结果表明，不同污水处理厂在微生物物种组成上具有相似性，但一致性并不高。这三家污水厂的活性污泥中，A菌的相对丰度为7.4%~10.3%，T菌的相对丰度为1.4%~3.8%，T菌的丰度远远小于A菌丰度。进水组分中的氨基酸含量与T菌丰度的相关性较高。

Abstract: Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is one of the most important methods in phos-phorus removal process. For a long time, Accumulibacter has been widely accepted as the major group of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in EBPR process, and can adapt to the re-ality of EBPR wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Meanwhile, a group of bacteria named Tet-rasphaera with polyphosphate accumulating capability has been gradually found all over the world, and also observed in a larger abundance than Accumulibacter in some WWTPs, which is worthy of further study. In this study, three municipal wastewater treatment plants with different treatment modes in Shanghai were selected to analyze the characteristics of microbial community in the re-turned activated sludge by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the microbial species composition of different wastewater treatment plants was similar, but the con-sistency was not high. In the activated sludge of the three sewage plants, the relative abundance of Accumulibacter is 7.4%~10.3%, and that of Tetrasphaera is 1.4%~3.8%, which is far less than Ac-cumulibacter. There was a high correlation between the amino acid content of influent components and the abundance of Tetrasphaera.