基于具身认知的人机交互发展研究

Research on the Development of Human-Computer Interaction Based on Embodied Cognition

摘要: 具身认知是以哲学为背景的认知理论，其核心为身心一元，强调身体在认知中的重要地位。在人工智能、数据分析、虚拟现实、传感器等交互技术等强力发展的当下，身体也以更多样的方式参与到了交互当中。这使得交互设计与具身认知的结合对于未来人机间的交互设计具有实际的意义和价值。本文回顾了人机交互的发展历史，重点讨论了计算机发展不同阶段下的人机交互界面、人机交互特点、交互设计原则和当前人机交互面对的局限等多个重要问题。并结合了认知科学的新进路具身认知深入分析认知与人机交互发展间的关系，根据身体经验在交互中的参与程度构建了人机交互的具身层次模型，分析不同具身层次下交互设计的特点。提出在智能时代下具身认知对未来人机交互发展的指导意义，具身隐喻与身体图示在人机交互中所起到的在技术限制下的经验隐喻和对中心–边缘注意力进行合理设计的作用。

Abstract: Embodied cognition is a cognitive theory based on philosophy. Its core is the unity of body and mind, which emphasizes the important role of body in cognition. With the strong development of interactive technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analysis, virtual reality and sensors, the body also participates in the interaction in a variety of ways. This makes the combination of interaction theory and embodied cognition has practical significance and value for future human- computer interaction design. This paper reviews the development history of human-computer in-teraction, and focuses on the human-computer interaction interface, human-computer interaction characteristics, interaction design principles and the limitations of human-computer interaction in different stages of computer development. Combined with the new approach of cognitive science, embodied cognition, the relationship between cognition and the development of human-computer interaction is deeply analyzed. According to the participation degree of physical experience in the interaction, the embodied level model of human-computer interaction is constructed, and the char-acteristics of interaction design under different embodied levels are analyzed. In the age of intel-ligence, the guiding significance of embodied cognition to the development of human-computer interaction in the future, the role of embodied metaphor and body diagram in human-computer interaction under the limitation of technology, and the reasonable design of center edge attention are proposed.