电动汽车电池热管理系统综述
Review of Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles
DOI: 10.12677/MOS.2021.102025, PDF,  被引量   
作者: 王雅亮, 王 波*, 成金东, 沈佳飞：上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，上海；俞志鹏, 姬 鹏：上海船用柴油机研究所，上海
关键词: 电动汽车；锂离子电池；热管理；冷却系统；Electric Vehicle； Lithium Ion Battery； Thermal Management； Cooling System
摘要: 动力电池是电动汽车的主要部件，电池热管理技术是动力电池发展的重要制约因素。动力电池在工作过程中会不断产生热量，为避免热量堆积造成热失控，需要合适的热管理系统给电池散热。高效的电池热管理系统通过对锂离子电池进行热管理而提高电池的运行效率，并提高电池的安全性、可靠性，减缓电池的老化率，延长使用寿命等。本文介绍了锂离子电池的热模型，分析了锂离子电池的生热机理、热模型以及高温对电池的影响，讨论了空气冷却系统、液体冷却系统、相变材料及耦合冷却系统的工作原理、冷却效果及其优缺点，展望了各种热管理系统的发展趋势，分析指出多种冷却技术耦合的热管理系统可以达到更好的冷却效果，有望将成为未来研究的重点方向。
Abstract: Power batteries are the main components of electric vehicles, and battery thermal management technology is an important constraint on the development of power batteries. The power battery will continuously generate heat during operation. In order to avoid thermal runaway caused by heat accumulation, a suitable thermal management system is required to dissipate the battery. The high-efficiency battery thermal management system improves the operating efficiency of the battery through thermal management of the lithium-ion battery, improves the safety and reliability of the battery, slows down the aging rate of the battery, and extends the service life. This article introduces the thermal model of lithium ion batteries, analyzes the heat generation mechanism, thermal model and the impact of high temperature on the battery of lithium ion batteries, discusses the working principles of air cooling systems, liquid cooling systems, phase change materials and coupled cooling systems. The cooling effect and its advantages and disadvantages are prospected for the development trend of various thermal management systems. The analysis points out that a thermal management system coupled with multiple cooling technologies can achieve better cooling effects, which is expected to become the focus of future research.
文章引用：王雅亮, 俞志鹏, 姬鹏, 王波, 成金东, 沈佳飞. 电动汽车电池热管理系统综述[J]. 建模与仿真, 2021, 10(2): 236-246. https://doi.org/10.12677/MOS.2021.102025

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